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Frontiers of Materials Science

ISSN 2095-025X

ISSN 2095-0268(Online)

CN 11-5985/TB

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Front Mater Sci    2013, Vol. 7 Issue (3) : 248-260    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-013-0212-x
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Poriferan chitin as a template for hydrothermal zirconia deposition
Marcin WYSOKOWSKI1, Mykhaylo MOTYLENKO2, Vasilii V. BAZHENOV3, Dawid STAWSKI4, Iaroslav PETRENKO5, Andre EHRLICH6, Thomas BEHM3, Zoran KLJAJIC7, Allison L. STELLING8, Teofil JESIONOWSKI1(), Hermann EHRLICH3()
1. Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60965 Poznań, Poland; 2. Institute of Materials Science, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany; 3. Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; 4. Department of Commodity and Material Sciences and Textile Metrology, Technical University of ?ód?, 90924 ?ód?, Poland; 5. Institut für Eisen- und Stahltechnologie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; 6. Institute of Mineralogy, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; 7. Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro; 8. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, 27708 Durham, NC, USA
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Abstract

Chitin is a thermostable biopolymer found in various inorganic--organic skeletal structures of numerous invertebrates including sponges (Porifera). The occurrence of chitin within calcium- and silica-based biominerals in organisms living in extreme natural conditions has inspired development of new (extreme biomimetic) synthesis route of chitin-based hybrid materials in vitro. Here, we show for the first time that 3D-α-chitin scaffolds isolated from skeletons of the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba can be effectively mineralized under hydrothermal conditions (150°C) using ammonium zirconium(IV) carbonate as a precursor of zirconia. Obtained chitin--ZrO2 hybrid materials were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, HRTEM, as well as light and confocal laser microscopy. We suggest that formation of chitin--ZrO2 hybrids occurs due to hydrogen bonds between chitin and ZrO2.
Keywords chitin      biocomposite      zirconia      hydrothermal synthesis      ammonium zirconium carbonate     
Corresponding Author(s): JESIONOWSKI Teofil,Email:Teofil.jesionowski@put.poznan.pl?(T.J.); EHRLICH Hermann,Email:hermann.ehrlich@physik.tu-freiberg.de (H.E.)   
Issue Date: 05 September 2013
 Cite this article:   
Marcin WYSOKOWSKI,Mykhaylo MOTYLENKO,Iaroslav PETRENKO, et al. Poriferan chitin as a template for hydrothermal zirconia deposition[J]. Front Mater Sci, 2013, 7(3): 248-260.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-013-0212-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2013/V7/I3/248
Fig.1  Image of the fresh collected marine sponge with the finger-like bodies of 2 cm in diameter.
Fig.2  Optical microscopy image of the dried sponge fragment prior to chitin isolation and chitin scaffold obtained from this sponge fragment.
Fig.3  A schematic view on exchange of different soaking solutions within tubular 3D chitinous sponge scaffold.
Fig.4  Light microscopy images of isolated poriferan chitinous scaffolds prior and after mineralization with respect to obtaining of ZrO under hydrothermal conditions.
Fig.5  Confocal micrographs of isolated poriferan chitinous scaffolds before and after AZC-based mineralization under hydrothermal conditions.
Fig.6  SEM images of the chitinous scaffold isolated from prior to hydrothermal mineralization and hydrothermally obtained ZrO nanoparticles deposited on the surface of chitinous template as huge conglomerates, as well as individual nanoparticles.
Fig.7  FT-IR spectra of isolated chitin, m-ZrO standard and chitin–ZrO hybrid material.
Assignment a)Vibrational frequencies wavenumber /cm-1
ChitinChitin–ZrO2ZrO2
OH343834233422
NH32853288-
NH31003098-
CH329632963-
CH229322928-
CH328752870-
C=O (amide I)16581653-
C=O (amide I)16341635-
Zr–OH--1626
C–N (amide II)15581556-
CH214321430-
CH13771376-
Zr–O---1324
C–N (amide III)13101310-
C–O–C (ring)11591156-
C–O11161116-
C–O10691070-
C–O10271030-
CH3950951-
β-1,4-glycosidic bond894894-
Zr–O-729729
NH694--
557582-
Zr–OH-512508
Tab.1  Vibrational frequencies wavenumber attributed to chitin, chitin–ZrO composite and m-ZrO
Fig.8  TEM images of sponge chitin nanofibril with surface grown conglomerates of monoclinic zirconia nanocrystallites and corresponding indexed SAED pattern.
Fig.9  Experimental observed HRTEM image of monoclinic zirconia consisting of nanocrystallites of different orientations with corresponding FFT and simulated HRTEM contrasts of triple junction in zirconia by using of corresponding atomic model.
Fig.10  A schematic view on possible mechanism of chitin–zirconia interactions under hydrothermal conditions.
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