Single-photon source with sub-MHz linewidth for cesium-based quantum information processing

doi:10.1007/s11467-023-1317-z

Front. Phys.

2023, Vol. 18

Issue (6) : 61303 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1317-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Single-photon source with sub-MHz linewidth for cesium-based quantum information processing

Hai He, Peng-Fei Yang, Peng-Fei Zhang, Gang Li(

), Tian-Cai Zhang(

)

State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

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Abstract

A single-photon source with narrow bandwidth, high purity, and large brightness can efficiently interact with material qubits strongly coupled to an optical microcavity for quantum information processing. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a degenerate doubly resonant single-photon source at 852 nm by the cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion process with a 100% duty cycle of generation. The single photon source possesses both high purity with a second-order correlation $g h (2) (0) = 0.021$ and narrow linewidth with $Δ ν s p = (800 ± 13) kHz$ . The single-photon source is compatible with the cesium atom D2 line and can be used for cesium-based quantum information processing.

Keywords single-photon source sub-MHz linewidth few longitudinal modes quantum information processing

Corresponding Author(s): Gang Li,Tian-Cai Zhang

Issue Date: 29 November 2023

Cite this article:

Hai He,Peng-Fei Yang,Peng-Fei Zhang, et al. Single-photon source with sub-MHz linewidth for cesium-based quantum information processing[J]. Front. Phys. , 2023, 18(6): 61303.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/s11467-023-1317-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/Y2023/V18/I6/61303

Fig.1 Schematic of the experimental setup. A frequency-stabilized 852 nm laser is injected into a frequency doubler. The generated frequency-doubled 426 nm light is injected into the SPDC cavity. The generated signal and idler photons are separated by polarizing components and recorded by SPCMs. HWP: half-wave plate; DM: dichroic mirror; PBS: polarizing beam splitter; QWP: quarter-wave plate; PZT: piezoelectric transducers; LPF: longpass filter.

Fig.2 Joint spectrum of generated photons. (a) Phase-matching spectrum of the nonlinear crystal (red curve), joint spectrum within the SPDC cavity (blue line), and transmission spectrum of the F?P filter (purple line). (b) The final joint spectrum of the cavity-enhanced SPDC output (green) with a 3 mm-long etalon.

Fig.3 The convoluted cross correlation as a function of delay time. The blue points give the measured data, and the red solid line is the fitting. The data are obtained in 5 minutes with 16 mW pump power and a 4.4 ns time bin. According to the fitting, the decay rate of the cavity is

γ = (1.25 ± 0.02) MHz

, and the corresponding bandwidth is

Δ ν s p = (800 ± 13) kHz

Fig.4 The convoluted multimode cross-correlation. (a) The convoluted cross-correlation function in a

± 10 ns

time window with a time bin of 100 ps. The FWHM of the main peak is approximately

(0.88 ± 0.03) ns

. (b) The FWHM of the main peak as a function of the number of modes N with a 10 mm long type-II PPKTP crystal. Under the condition of

τ D = 500 ps

(blue line), the FWHM decreases when N increases. The result with

τ D = 0 ps

(red line) is also shown for comparison. The numerical values

F S R = 224.7 MHz

and

γ s = γ i = 1.25 MHz

are used for the calculation. The effective mode number of our experiment is between 3 and 4, as shown by the green dashed line.

Fig.5 The normalized maximum of the cross-correlation,

g s i (2) (max)

, versus the pump power is plotted in the black points on the left axis. On the right axis, the coincidences as a function of the power are shown in the red points. When the pump power decreases, a stronger bunching effect between signal-idler pairs can be observed and the signal-to-background ratio improves.

Fig.6 The dependence of heralded autocorrelation

g h (2) (0)

as a function of the pump power. The measured

g h (2) (0)

is less than 0.5 depending on the power up to 40 mW. The green line is the boundary of

g h (2) (0) = 0.5

Fig.7 The transmitted counts of the signal photons (blue points) as a function of the temperatures through a Cs vapor cell. When temperatures increase, the transmitted counts decrease. As a comparison, the counts of idler photons (red points) remain unchanged in the process.

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