Aspects of rock permeability

doi:10.1007/s11709-013-0201-2

Front Struc Civil Eng

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (2) : 102-116 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-013-0201-2

REVIEW

Aspects of rock permeability

Lianyang ZHANG(

)

Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA

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Abstract

Effective evaluation of rock permeability is required in different energy, engineering and environmental projects. Although much research has been conducted on rock permeability, it is still one of the most difficult tasks for practicing rock engineers to accurately determine rock permeability. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this paper outlines the key aspects of rock permeability by presenting the representative values of the permeability of different rocks, describing the empirical and semi-empirical correlations for estimating the permeability of rocks, and discussing the main factors affecting the permeability of rocks. The factors discussed include stress, depth, temperature, and discontinuity intensity and aperture. This paper also highlights the scale effect on rock permeability, interconnectivity of discontinuities, and anisotropy of rock permeability. This paper provides the fundamental and essential information required for effective evaluation of rock permeability.

Keywords rock permeability discontinuity stress temperature scale effect anisotropy

Corresponding Author(s): ZHANG Lianyang,Email:lyzhang@email.arizona.edu

Issue Date: 05 June 2013

Cite this article:

Lianyang ZHANG. Aspects of rock permeability[J]. Front Struc Civil Eng, 2013, 7(2): 102-116.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/10.1007/s11709-013-0201-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/Y2013/V7/I2/102

Fig.1 Permeability versus porosity for Totliegent sandstone (after Ref. []).

Fig.2 Permeability versus porosity for sandstones at three different sites (after Ref. [])

Fig.3 Typical values of permeability coefficient for (a) Intact rocks, and (b) rock masses (after Ref. []).

Fig.4 Permeability versus grain size for Bentheim sandstone, Scherhorn oilfield, Germany (after Ref. [])

Fig.5 Variation of permeability coefficient of a set of smooth parallel discontinuities with discontinuity aperture and spacing (after Ref. []).

Fig.6 Rock mass containing: (a) a single discontinuity set; and (b) three orthogonal discontinuity sets (from Ref. [])

Fig.7 Measured permeability versus RQD for Cambrian sandstone rock mass in central Jordan (after Ref. [])

Fig.8 Permeability-RQD-discontinuity aperture chart (from Ref. [])

Fig.9 Effect of confining pressure on the permeability of Westerly granite rock (after Ref. [])

Fig.10 Effect of load acting parallel and perpendicular to a discontinuity on the permeability (after Ref. [])

Fig.11 Variation of measured permeability coefficient with depth in granitic rock mass, Sweden (from Ref. [])

Fig.12 Variation of rock mass permeability coefficient of the Bukit Timah granite with depth at three different sites (from Ref. [])

Fig.13 Variation of discontinuity aperture with depth (data from Ref. [,]).

Fig.14 Effect of temperature on hydraulic aperture of a natural discontinuity in novaculite (after Ref. [])

Fig.15 Effect of temperature on the permeability of tuff (after Ref. [])

Fig.16 Simplified representation of scale effect on rock mass permeability (modified from Ref. [])

Fig.17 Representative elemental volume (REV) for rock mass permeability (after Ref. [])

Fig.18 Representative elemental volume (REV) in different rock conditions: (a) Rock mass without discontinuities; (b) Rock mass containing discontinuities where REV includes sufficient discontinuity interactions; and (b) Rock mass containing large-scale discontinuities where REV is either very large or non-existent (after Ref. [])

Fig.19 (a) Domain C in Fig. 16 containing 8 discontinuities; and (b) 5 discontinuities in domain C are interconnected

Tab.1 Ratio of permeability parallel to bedding to permeability perpendicular to bedding for different rocks

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