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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-7505

ISSN 2095-977X(Online)

CN 10-1204/S

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Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.    2020, Vol. 7 Issue (4) : 523-529    https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2019281
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Characterization of grain cadmium concentration in indica hybrid rice
Kai WANG1,2,3, Qunfeng ZHOU1,3, Tianze YAN1,3, Shilong XU1,3, Longyi ZHAO1,3, Weicheng WANG4, Zhigang JIN4, Peng QIN1,3, Chenjian FU1,3, Liangbi CHEN2(), Yuanzhu YANG1,2,3()
1. Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation & Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China
2. Department of Botany, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
3. Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Disease and Pest Resistant Rice Breeding, Yahua Seeds Science Academy of Hunan, Changsha 410000, China
4. Seed Management Service Station of Hunan, Changsha 410000, China
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Abstract

As a consequence of contamination of soil with heavy metals, cadmium accumulation in grain is of great concern worldwide, but especially in southern China. It is important to evaluate the Cd accumulation potential of grain before or when examining and approving new cultivars. An evaluation method and criteria for verifying Cd accumulation potential in rice are proposed, and the Cd accumulation potential of 56 mid-season indica hybrids collected from the provincial cultivar trials in 2016 were investigated. Genotype, environment and their interactions strongly affected the variation in grain Cd accumulation. Two hybrids were identified as slightly Cd accumulating. Hybrids with slight Cd accumulation potential would be suitable for safe grain production on polluted land (total Cd under 2.0 mg·kg−1) in Hunan Province (China) and should be considered for new cultivar evaluation and approval. This evaluation method and criterion could be applied for certifying Cd accumulation potential of rice cultivars.
Keywords accumulation      cadmium      hybrid      methodology      rice     
Corresponding Author(s): Liangbi CHEN,Yuanzhu YANG   
Just Accepted Date: 27 August 2019   Online First Date: 16 October 2019    Issue Date: 06 November 2020
 Cite this article:   
Kai WANG,Qunfeng ZHOU,Tianze YAN, et al. Characterization of grain cadmium concentration in indica hybrid rice[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2020, 7(4): 523-529.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2019281
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2020/V7/I4/523
Treatment Total soil Cd concentration/(mg·kg−1) Bio-available Cd concentration/(mg·kg−1) pH Total soil organic matter content/% Cd accumulation/(mg·kg−1) Percentage of brown rice Cd under the limit
Brown rice Hull A B
T1 0.25 0.11 5.87 2.61 0.092 (0.010–0.374) 0.049 (0.010–0.124) 94.6 100.0
T2 0.59 0.25 6.11 2.93 0.269 (0.048–0.619) 0.086 (0.024–0.245) 37.5 83.9
T3 0.97 0.49 5.79 3.39 0.446 (0.047–1.557) 0.194 (0.031–0.855) 26.8 58.9
T4 2.18 0.95 5.95 3.17 0.779 (0.139–2.753) 0.257 (0.062–1.258) 3.6 21.4
Tab.1  Effect of different treatments on mid-season indica hybrid rice Cd accumulation
Rating Total soil Cd concentration/(mg·kg−1), pH 5.5–6.5 Cd accumulation potential
0.25±0.05 0.6±0.05 1.0±0.1 2.0±0.2
1 < 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2 Slight
2 < 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2 ≥ 0.2 Low
3 < 0.2 < 0.2 ≥ 0.2 ≥ 0.2 Lower
4 < 0.2 ≥ 0.2 ≥ 0.2 ≥ 0.2 Moderate
5 ≥ 0.2 ≥ 0.2 ≥ 0.2 ≥ 0.2 High
Other Unable to rate Undetermined
Tab.2  Rating standards for Cd accumulation potential in grain of rice genotypes. The rating is determined by the lowest soil Cd concentration that resulted in grain Cd concentration of≥0.2 mg·kg−1 (as indicated in the body of the table)
Source df Brown rice Hull
MS SS% MS SS%
Environment 3 12.71*** 37.62 1.42*** 21.33
Genotype 55 0.63*** 34.38 0.13*** 34.52
GEI 165 0.13*** 20.87 0.04*** 33.24
Rep (environment) 8 0.02 0.17 0.00 0.07
Error 423 0.02 6.96 0.01 10.84
Total 654
Tab.3  Analysis of variance, including degrees of freedom (df), mean squares (MS), and percent contribution to total sums of squares (SS%) across five environments for Cd content of grain and hull
Treatment T1 T2 T3 T4
T1 1.000
T2 0.750*** 1.000
T3 0.805*** 0.923*** 1.000
T4 0.752*** 0.744*** 0.768*** 1.000
Tab.4  Correlation of Cd concentration in brown rice between four soil treatments
Fig.1  Correlation between grain Cd concentration and days to heading (DTH) in T1 (a), T2 (b), T3 (c) and T4 (d) (see Table 1 for details of treatments T1–T4). *** Significant at P<0.0001.
Fig.2  Correlation between grain and hull Cd concentration in T1 (a), T2 (b), T3 (c) and T4 (d) (see Table 1 for details of treatments T1–T4). *** Significant at P<0.0001.
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