This paper incorporates individual digital literacy into corporate management practice to explore the relationship between managers’ digital literacy and the performance of corporate green technology innovation. The results show that managers' digital literacy can contribute to corporate green technology innovation. Specifically, a greater degree of digital literacy among the top management team is associated with better performance in corporate green technology innovation. Even if the management does not have an educational background in core digital technologies, their work experience related to core digital technologies such as computers and information technology can help promote corporate green technology innovation in the later stage. There is the heterogeneity in the managers' digital literacy role in promoting corporate green technology innovation, which is more significant in the sample of regions with low levels of the digital economy development, sufficient media attention, and non-heavily polluting enterprises. Digital transformation plays a mediating role between managers' digital literacy and corporate green technology innovation. Through further research, we find that the improvement of managers' digital literacy can contribute to the enhancement of corporate value in the future. The conclusions enrich the research horizon of upper echelons theory, explore the value and differentiated effect of digital human capital in the new era, and provide empirical evidence at the micro level that digital technologies promote the green and sustainable development of the economy.