Facile synthesis of polyaniline nanorods to simultaneously enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of epoxy composites

doi:10.1007/s11705-023-2297-3

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (9) : 1254-1266 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-023-2297-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Facile synthesis of polyaniline nanorods to simultaneously enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of epoxy composites

Liu Jiang¹, Jinian Yang¹(

), Jie Dong¹, Shibin Nie²(

), Yuxuan Xu², Xuesong Feng¹

¹. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
². School of Safety Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China

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Abstract

To enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of epoxy resin, polyaniline nanorods were first synthesized using a facile route, and then introduced into the epoxy matrix to yield composites via solution mixing. Several measurements were conducted to investigate the phase structures and compositions of polyaniline nanorods, and their positive influences on the mechanical and tribological properties of epoxy resin were also characterized. The results confirmed that the as-synthesized polyaniline exhibited representative rod-like morphologies and dispersed well in the epoxy matrix, leading to significant enhancements in the tensile strength and elastic modulus of epoxy composites. The highest values of 110.33 MPa and 2.04 GPa were obtained by adding 5%–7% polyaniline nanorods, which were 43% and 62% higher than the pure sample, respectively. The wear rate was increased first and then decreased along with polyaniline nanorods, presenting the lowest value of 2.12 × 10⁻⁵ mm³·Nm^–1 by adding 5% filler, which was markedly reduced by ca. 70% compared to the control sample. Finally, the possible wear mechanism was proposed and discussed in detail. This study tried to broaden the applications of polyaniline nanorods in the field of tribology.

Keywords epoxy resin polyaniline nanorods mechanical property tribological performance wear mechanism

Corresponding Author(s): Jinian Yang,Shibin Nie

About author:

^* These authors contributed equally to this work.

Online First Date: 28 April 2023 Issue Date: 29 August 2023

Cite this article:

Liu Jiang,Jinian Yang,Jie Dong, et al. Facile synthesis of polyaniline nanorods to simultaneously enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of epoxy composites[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(9): 1254-1266.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-023-2297-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2023/V17/I9/1254

Scheme1 Schematic drawing for the fabrication of sample.

Fig.1 (a, b) SEM pictures, (c, d) TEM images, (e) XRD pattern, (f) FTIR spectrum and (g) elemental mapping of PANI nanorods.

Fig.2 (a) Wide-range-scan XPS spectrum and (b) high-resolution of P 2p, (c) C 1s, (d) N 1s and (e) O 1s spectra of PANI nanorods.

Fig.3 Low-magnified SEM images of tensile fracture topographies for EP/PANI composites: (a) 0%, (b) 1%, (c) 3%, (d) 5%, (e) 7% and (f) EDS mappings for the sample containing 5% PANI nanorods.

Fig.4 High-magnified SEM images of tensile fracture topographies for EP/PANI composites: (a) 0%, (b) 1%, (c) 3%, (d) 5%, (e) 7% and (f) TEM picture for the sample containing 5% PANI nanorods.

Fig.5 Mechanical properties of EP/PANI composites: (a) representative tensile stress-strain curves, (b) elongation at break and Young’s modulus, (c) tensile strength and (d) Shore D hardness.

Fig.6 Tribological properties of EP/PANI composites: (a) real-time friction curves and average friction coefficients versus sliding time, (b) wear rates, (c) representative cross-sectional profiles of the wear tracks, and (d) optical images of wear tracks and the corresponding 3D profiles along with the increased PANI nanorods.

Fig.7 SEM images of worn surfaces for investigated samples: (a) 0%, (b) 1%, (c) 3%, (d) 5%, (e) 7% and (f) surface roughness as a function of increased PANI nanorods.

Fig.8 (a) EDS image and elemental mappings of (b) Fe, (c) N and (d) P for the worn surface of the sample containing 5% PANI nanorods.

Scheme2 Illustration for the suggested wear mechanism of EP/PANI composites.

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