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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-0179

ISSN 2095-0187(Online)

CN 11-5981/TQ

Postal Subscription Code 80-969

2018 Impact Factor: 2.809

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Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.    2014, Vol. 8 Issue (3) : 276-279    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-014-1426-x
REVIEW ARTICLE
Controlled drug delivery systems: the next 30 years
Yeonhee YUN,Byung Kook LEE,Kinam PARK()
Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Abstract

The drug delivery scientists need to reexamine the advances made during the past 60 years, analyze our current abilities, and design the future technologies that will propel us to achieve the next level of drug delivery technologies. History shows that the first generation (1G) of drug delivery research during 1950–1980 was quite productive, while the second generation (2G) technologies developed during 1980–2010 were not as prolific. The ultimate goal of drug delivery research is to develop clinically useful formulations to treat various diseases. Effective drug delivery systems can be developed by overcoming formulation barriers and/or biological barriers. The engineering approach has a limit in solving the problem, if biological difficulties are not clearly identified and understood. The third generation (3G) drug delivery systems will have to focus on understanding the biological barriers so that they can be overcome by engineering manipulation of the drug delivery systems. Advances in the next 30 years will be most accelerated by starting open dialogues without any preconceived ideas on drug delivery technologies. The new generation of drug delivery scientists needs to be aware of the successes and limitations of the existing technologies to design the new technologies for meaningful advances in the future.
Keywords drug delivery      history      formulation barriers      nanotechnology      clinical product     
Corresponding Author(s): Kinam PARK   
Issue Date: 11 October 2014
 Cite this article:   
Yeonhee YUN,Byung Kook LEE,Kinam PARK. Controlled drug delivery systems: the next 30 years[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2014, 8(3): 276-279.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-014-1426-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2014/V8/I3/276
1st Generation (1G)2nd Generation (2G)3rd Generation (3G)
1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s2030s
Basics of controlled releaseSmart delivery systemsModulated delivery systems
Oral delivery:Twice-a-day, once-a-dayTransdermal delivery:Once-a-day, once-a-weekDrug delivery mechanisms:Dissolution, diffusion, osmosis, & ion-exchangeZero-order release:Zero- vs. first-order releaseSmart polymers & hydrogels:Environment-sensitive,Self-regulated releasePeptide & protein delivery:Biodegradable depotNanoparticles:Tumor-targeted deliveryGene deliveryOn-off Insulin release:Glucose-sensitive releaseTargeted delivery:Anticancer drugs, siRNALong-term delivery systems:6–12 months delivery with minimal initial burst effectIn vitro-in vivo correlation:Prediction of PK profiles from in vitro release study
Tab.1  Evolution of controlled drug delivery systems since 1950
Formulation barriers ?Biological barriers
1. Oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs2. Injectable depot formulations with no initial burst release1. Gastric retention in the fast condition2. Self-regulated drug delivery systems3. Injectable depot formulations for peptides and proteins4. Targeted drug delivery (systemic and intracellular targeting)
Tab.2  The barriers to overcome in the 3G drug delivery systems
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