Chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter affected by contrasting microplastics from different types of polymers

doi:10.1007/s11783-023-1753-6

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (12) : 153 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-023-1753-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter affected by contrasting microplastics from different types of polymers

Hong Yu(

), Beidou Xi, Lingling Shi(

), Wenbing Tan

State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

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Abstract

● Microplastics (MPs) decreased the protein/amino sugars and increased the lipids.

● MPs conferred a lower DOM aromaticity and a higher lability.

● The larger amount of MPs, the more inhibited humification degree of DOM.

Chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a crucial factor controlling soil nutrient availability, greenhouse gas emissions, and pollutant migration. Microplastics (MPs) are widespread pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems in many regions. However, the effects of MPs on DOM chemodiversity are not sufficiently understood, particularly under different types of polymers. Using UV–Vis spectroscopy, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, the effects of three prevalent MPs [polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)] on the chemical properties and composition of soil DOM were investigated via a 310-d soil incubation experiment. The results showed that MPs reduced the aromatic and hydrophobic soil DOM components by more than 20%, with PVC MPs having the greatest effect. Furthermore, as MP contents increase, the humification level of soil DOM significantly decreases. MPs increased DOM molecules with no heteroatom by 8.3%–14.0%, but decreased DOM molecules with nitrogen content by 17.0%–47.8%. This may be because MPs cause positive “priming effect,” resulting in the breakdown of bioavailable components in soil DOM. This is also related to MPs changing microbial richness and diversity and enriching microbial communities involved in lignin compositions degradation. In the presence of MPs, soil DOM chemodiversity depended on soil pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved organic carbon, soil organic matter, bacterial Shannon, and fungal Chao index. Specifically, DOM in MP-contaminated soils featured more lipids and less condensed aromatics and proteins/amino sugars, thereby conferring a lower DOM aromaticity and higher lability.

Keywords Microplastics Dissolved organic matter FT-ICR MS Chemodiversity Molecular signature

Corresponding Author(s): Hong Yu,Lingling Shi

Issue Date: 24 July 2023

Cite this article:

Hong Yu,Beidou Xi,Lingling Shi, et al. Chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter affected by contrasting microplastics from different types of polymers[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(12): 153.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-023-1753-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2023/V17/I12/153

Fig.1 Response of UV-Vis spectral indices of soil DOM to MPs. (a) SUVA₂₅₄, (b) SUVA₂₆₀, (c) E2/E3, (d) E3/E4. Different lowercase letters above bars represent significant differences among treatments at p < 0.05 level.

Fig.2 Changes of fluorescence characteristics of soil DOM in different treatments. (a)–(g) are 3D fluorescence spectra of soil DOM of different treatments. (h) is peak variations characteristics of DOM fluorescence regional integration in different treatments. Different lowercase letters above bars represent significant differences among treatments at p < 0.05 level.

Fig.3 Relative fluorescence abundance ratios of different fluorescent components in soil DOM under different treatments.

Fig.4 Relative abundance and average molecular weight of different groups of DOM compounds from FT-ICR MS data. (a) and (b) were grouped by elemental compositions, and (c) and (d) were obtained from van Krevelen diagram.

Fig.5 Multivariate analysis of DOM molecule and soil factors (a) and soil DOM properties (b) using redundancy analysis (RDA). Gray-shaded circles represent DOM molecule, whereas black circles represent treatments. Variables with orange lines indicate a significant level of p < 0.05, and blue lines indicate p > 0.05. Shannon1, Simpson1, Ace1 and Chao1 represent bacterial Shannon, Simpson, Ace and Chao indices, respectively; Shannon, Simpson, Ace and Chao represent fungal Shannon, Simpson, Ace and Chao indices, respectively.

Fig.6 Spearman correlation coefficients of individual molecules with (a) SOM, (b) EC, (c) Bacterial Shannon index, (d) DOC, (e) pH, (f) Fungal Chao index, (g) C2, (h) C5, (i) FI, (j) BIX, and (k) SUVA₂₆₀. Color indicates direction and strength of Spearman correlation coefficients (red, positive; blue, negative). Circles represent compounds without heteroatoms (CHO) and diamonds represent compounds containing heteroatoms (CHONS).

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