“Forever chemicals”: a sticky environmental problem

doi:10.1007/s11783-024-1891-5

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2024, Vol. 18

Issue (10) : 131 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-024-1891-5

“Forever chemicals”: a sticky environmental problem

Junhua Fang¹, Shaolin Li¹(

), Rongliang Qiu^2,³, Wei-xian Zhang^1,²(

)

¹. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
². Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
³. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

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Abstract

● “Forever chemicals” are being redefined in terms of environmental lifespans.

● Novel degradation technologies offer promising PFAS remediation solutions.

● Global Collaboration in responding to the PFAS crisis is emphasized.

The discovery and widespread use of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have exemplified the beneficial role of chemistry in modern life, yet they have also underscored significant environmental and health concerns. Termed “forever chemicals” due to their remarkable persistence, PFAS present formidable challenges in terms of contamination and toxicity. Efforts to address these challenges have led to the development of innovative degradation technologies, such as hydrothermal alkali treatment (HALT), low-temperature mineralization, and mechanochemical degradation, offering promising solutions to PFAS remediation. However, these advancements must be accompanied by robust investment in research, collaboration among stakeholders, and global responsibility to ensure effective management of PFAS contamination and mitigate its adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health.

Keywords PFAS Degradation technologies Environmental remediation Global responsibility

Corresponding Author(s): Shaolin Li,Wei-xian Zhang

Issue Date: 16 July 2024

Cite this article:

Junhua Fang,Shaolin Li,Rongliang Qiu, et al. “Forever chemicals”: a sticky environmental problem[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2024, 18(10): 131.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-024-1891-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2024/V18/I10/131

Fig.1 (a) Forever chemicals are widely used in household products. (b) Estimated half-lives of some halogenated aliphatic compounds. The half-life values are calculated from measuring the hydrolysis rate constants and also derived from the Arrhenius parameters of neutral and alkaline hydrolysis reactions, see also Supplementary Materials. Data are from Mabey and Mill (1978), Jeffers et al. (1989), and Jeffers and Wolfe (1996).

Fig.2 (a) Degradation pathways of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSA) (Wang et al., 2022). (b) Process for PFAS degradation using piezoelectric material-assisted ball milling (PZM-BM) (Yang et al., 2023). Reproduced with permission of American Chemical Society, Copyright of © 2023 Environmental Science & Technology Letters.Degradation of AFFF-contaminated groundwater (c) and soil (d) using HALT technology. Reaction conditions: 350 °C, 1 mol/L NaOH (c), 5 mol/L NaOH (d). Reproduced with permission of American Chemical Society, Copyright of © 2021 Environmental Science & Technology (Hao et al., 2021). Reproduced with permission of American Chemical Society, Copyright of © 2022 Environmental Science & Technology (Hao et al., 2022).

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