Fault tolerant control strategy for modular PWM current source inverter

doi:10.1007/s11708-022-0852-6

Front. Energy

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (2) : 228-238 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-022-0852-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Fault tolerant control strategy for modular PWM current source inverter

Weishuo SHI(

), Jinwei HE(

)

School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

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Abstract

In this paper, a fault-tolerant control method for an input-series output-parallel modular grid-tied pulse-width modulation (PWM) current source inverter is proposed to address the most commonly seen single symmetrical gate-commutated thyristor (SGCT) open-circuit fault problems. This method actively offsets the neutral point of the current space vector to ensure a sinusoidal output of the grid current, and it can achieve the upper limit power of the inverter under the condition of a single SGCT open-circuit fault. In addition, an active damping control method based on grid harmonic current feedback is proposed after analyzing the influence of the transformer ferromagnetic resonance caused by the neutral point offset on the power quality of the grid current. It has been demonstrated that the proposed method effectively suppresses the resonance caused by the transformer and the modified modulation, improving the grid current’s power quality.

Keywords current source converter (CSC) fault-tolerant control space vector modulation active damping resonance suppression power quality

Corresponding Author(s): Weishuo SHI,Jinwei HE

Online First Date: 13 January 2023 Issue Date: 29 May 2023

Cite this article:

Weishuo SHI,Jinwei HE. Fault tolerant control strategy for modular PWM current source inverter[J]. Front. Energy, 2023, 17(2): 228-238.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-022-0852-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2023/V17/I2/228

Fig.1 Configuration of input-series output-parallel modular CSI.

Current vector	Total output PWM current (i_wa i_wb i_wc)	Switching state
I₁	(2 –2 0)* $i d$	16:16
I₂	(2 0 –2) * $i d$	12:12
I₃	(0 2 –2) * $i d$	32:32
I₄	(–2 2 0) * $i d$	34:34
I₅	(–2 0 2) * $i d$	54:54
I₆	(0 –2 2) * $i d$	56:56
I₇	(2 –1 –1) * $i d$	16:12 12:16
I₈	(1 1 –2) * $i d$	12:32 32:12
I₉	(–1 2 –1) * $i d$	32:34 34:32
I₁₀	(–2 1 1) * $i d$	34:54 54:34
I₁₁	(–1 –1 2) * $i d$	54:56 56:54
I₁₂	(1 –2 1) * $i d$	56:16 16:56
I₁₃	(1 –1 0) * $i d$	16:14 14:16 16:36 36:16 56:12 12:56 52:16 16:52
I₁₄	(1 0 –1) * $i d$	12:14 14:12 12:52 52:12 36:12 12:36 32:16 16:32
I₁₅	(0 1 –1) * $i d$	32:36 36:32 32:52 52:32 34:12 12:34 32:14 14:32
I₁₆	(–1 1 0) * $i d$	34:36 36:34 14:34 34:14 54:32 32:54 52:34 34:52
I₁₇	(–1 0 1) * $i d$	54:14 14:54 54:52 52:54 54:36 36:54 56:34 34:56
I₁₈	(0 –1 1) * $i d$	56:52 52:56 56:36 36:56 54:16 16:54 56:14 14:56
I₀	(0 0 0) * $i d$	14:14 36:36 52:52 14:36 14:52 36:52 36:14 52:14 52:36 16:34 12:54 32:56 34:16 54:12 56:32

Tab.1 Current vectors and their corresponding total output current and switching states

Fig.2 Current space vector diagram for different modulation modes.

	Faulty switch	$I → o f f$
CSC1	S1	$3 / 4 I d e ? j π$
	S2	$3 / 4 I d e ? j (2 / 3 π)$
	S3	$3 / 4 I d e ? j (1 / 3 π)$
	S4	$3 / 4 I d$
	S5	$3 / 4 I d e j (1 / 3 π)$
	S6	$3 / 4 I d e j (2 / 3 π)$
CSC2	S1	$3 / 4 I d e ? j π$
	S2	$3 / 4 I d e ? j (2 / 3 π)$
	S3	$3 / 4 I d e ? j (1 / 3 π)$
	S4	$3 / 4 r m I d$
	S5	$3 / 4 I d e j (1 / 3 π)$
	S6	$3 / 4 I d e j (2 / 3 π)$

Tab.2 Expression of

I → off

for all switches in the case of a single SGCT open-circuit fault

Fig.3 Single-phase equivalent circuit considering transformer ferromagnetic resonance.

Fig.4 Fault tolerant and active damping control diagram for input-series output-parallel CSI.

Fig.5 Transfer function diagram after introducing active damping control.

Fig.6 Closed-loop bode diagram of transfer function

i g

i h

with different k.

Fig.7 Closed-loop bode diagram

i g

i g ∗

with different k.

Fig.8 Closed-loop bode diagram

i g

u g

with different k.

Circuit parameters	Values
Line grid voltage	380 V/50 Hz
DC link current	50 A
Filter inductor (L_s1, L_s2)	3.4 mH
Filter capacitor (C_s1, C_s2)	50 μF
Leakage inductor on inverter side (L_g1, L_g2)	0.4 mH
Leakage inductor on grid side (L_g)	0.4 mH
Transformer ratio	1:1

Control parameters	Values
Switching frequency	4.5 kHz
Proportional gain $k p$	$k p =$ 0.5
Resonance gain $k r$	$k r =$ 50
Feedback coefficient $k$	$k$ = 0.1

Tab.3 Key parameters of the simulated system

Tab.4 Description of different stages of the CSC

Fig.9 Simulated results for the system from healthy operation to fault-tolerant operation.

Circuit parameters	Values
Line grid voltage	100 V/50 Hz
DC link current	25 A
Filter inductor (L_s1, L_s2)	2 mH
Filter capacitor (C_s1, C_s2)	50 μF
Leakage inductor on inverter side (L_g1, L_g2)	40 μH
Leakage inductor on grid side (L_g)	4 μH
Transformer ratio	1:1

Control parameters	Values
Switching frequency	5 kHz
Proportional gain $k p$	$k p =$ 0.1
Resonance gain $k r$	$k r =$ 20
Feedback coefficient $k$	$k$ = 0.1

Tab.5 Key parameters in hardware-in-the-loop simulation

Fig.10 CSC steady state performance using the proposed method under the case of (a) healthy operation without any fault and (b) fault operation with a single IGCT open-circuit.

Fig.11 CSC dynamic response during control method switches.

Fig.12 CSC dynamic performance using the proposed method under the case of grid voltage dips.

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