The mechanisms linking adiposopathy to type 2 diabetes

doi:10.1007/s11684-013-0288-9

Front Med

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (4) : 433-444 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-013-0288-9

REVIEW

The mechanisms linking adiposopathy to type 2 diabetes

Jichun Yang, Jihong Kang, Youfei Guan(

)

Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Diabetes Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China

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Abstract

Obesity is defined as excessive accumulation of body fat in proportion to body size. When obesity occurs, the functions of adipose tissue may be deregulated, which is termed as adiposopathy. Adiposopathy is an independent risk factor for many diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In overweight or obese subjects with adiposopathy, hyperlipidemia exerts lipotoxicity in pancreatic islet and liver and induces pancreatic β cell dysfunction and liver insulin resistance, which are the decisive factors causing type 2 diabetes. Moreover, adipokines have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. When adiposopathy occurs, abnormal changes in the serum adipokine profile correlate with the development and progression of pancreatic β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in peripheral tissue. The current paper briefly discusses the latest findings regarding the effects of adiposopathy-related lipotoxicity and cytokine toxicity on the development of type 2 diabetes.

Keywords obesity adiposopathy lipotoxicity adipokines diabetes

Corresponding Author(s): Guan Youfei,Email:youfeiguan@bjmu.edu.cn

Issue Date: 05 December 2013

Cite this article:

Jichun Yang,Jihong Kang,Youfei Guan. The mechanisms linking adiposopathy to type 2 diabetes[J]. Front Med, 2013, 7(4): 433-444.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-013-0288-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2013/V7/I4/433

Fig.1 The mechanism(s) linking adiposopathy to type 2 diabetes. In overweight or obese individuals with adiposopathy, lipotoxicity and cytokine toxicity impair insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells and induce global and liver insulin resistance. A disturbed serum adipokine profile is characterized by decreased serum insulin-sensitizing adipokines concomitant with increased insulin-desensitizing adipokines; lipotoxicity, the deleterious effects of lipids on cells; and cytokine toxicity, the deleterious effects of cytokines on cells. FFAs, free fatty acids.

Tab.1 Summary of the effects of adipokines on insulin secretion and insulin action

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