Design and fabrication of NiFe2O4/few-layers WS2 composite for supercapacitor electrode material

doi:10.1007/s11706-023-0656-6

Front. Mater. Sci.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (3) : 230656 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-023-0656-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Design and fabrication of NiFe₂O₄/few-layers WS₂ composite for supercapacitor electrode material

Xicheng Gao, Jianqiang Bi(

), Lulin Xie, Chen Liu

Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

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Abstract

Few-layers WS₂ was obtained through unique chemical liquid exfoliation of commercial WS₂. Results showed that after the exfoliation process, the thickness of WS₂ reduced significantly. Moreover, the NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂ composite was successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method at 180 °C, and then proven by the analyses of field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The composite showed a high specific surface area of 86.89 m²·g⁻¹ with an average pore size of 3.13 nm. Besides, in the three-electrode electrochemical test, this composite exhibited a high specific capacitance of 878.04 F·g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 A·g⁻¹, while in the two-electrode system, the energy density of the composite could reach 25.47 Wh·kg⁻¹ at the power density of 70 W·kg⁻¹ and maintained 13.42 Wh·kg⁻¹ at the higher power density of 7000 W·kg⁻¹. All the excellent electrochemical performances demonstrate that the NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂ composite is an excellent candidate for supercapacitor applications.

Keywords WS₂ chemical liquid exfoliation NiFe₂O₄ composite supercapacitor

Corresponding Author(s): Jianqiang Bi

Issue Date: 06 September 2023

Cite this article:

Xicheng Gao,Jianqiang Bi,Lulin Xie, et al. Design and fabrication of NiFe₂O₄/few-layers WS₂ composite for supercapacitor electrode material[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2023, 17(3): 230656.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-023-0656-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2023/V17/I3/230656

Fig.1 SEM images of NiFe₂O₄/WS₂ composites under different reaction conditions: (a)(b) 180 °C, 11 h; (c)(d) 180 °C, 9 h. (e) Surface element analysis of NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂.

Fig.2 (a) TEM and (b) HRTEM images of NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂.

Fig.3 (a) XRD patterns of NiFe₂O₄/WS₂ composites with different morphologies. (b) N₂ adsorption and desorption curve and pore size distribution of NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂.

Fig.4 XPS spectra of NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂ for (a) wide-scan survey, (b) Ni 2p, (c) Fe 2p, (d) O 1s, (e) W 4f, and (f) S 2p.

Fig.5 (a) CV curves at 80 mV·s^?1. (b) Charge and discharge curves at 1 A·g^?1 of NiFe₂O₄/WS₂ composites with different morphologies. (c) CV curves at 80 mV·s^?1. (d) Charge and discharge curves at 1 A·g^?1 of WS₂ nanosheets, NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets, and NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂ composite.

Tab.1 Electrochemical performance of previous studies on NiFe₂O₄ and WS₂ supercapacitors [48?52]

Fig.6 (a) CV curves of the NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂ composite at different scan rates. (b) Charge and discharge curves of the NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂ composite at different current densities. (c) Specific capacitances of NiFe₂O₄/WS₂ composites with different morphologies. (d) Plot of lg(Peak current) versus lgv.

Fig.7 Electrochemical performance of the two-electrode system test for NiFe₂O₄ nanosheets/WS₂: (a) CV curves; (b) GCD behaviors; (c) Ragone plots [55–57]; (d) Cycle performance; (e) EIS result; (f) Randle’s plot.

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