Degradation of Azo dye direct black BN based on adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-1003-x

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (1) : 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-1003-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Degradation of Azo dye direct black BN based on adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction

Shanshan Ding¹, Wen Huang¹, Shaogui Yang²(

), Danjun Mao¹, Julong Yuan¹, Yuxuan Dai¹, Jijie Kong¹, Cheng Sun¹, Huan He²(

), Shiyin Li², Limin Zhang²

¹. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
². School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China

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Abstract

The adsorption behavior of DB BN on microwave catalyst MgFe₂O₄-SiC was investigated and the effects of concentration, temperature and pH on the adsorption process were discussed in this study.

The microwave-induced catalytic degradation rate of DB BN decreased even more than ten percent after the adsorption equilibrium were attained.

The degradation intermediate products of DB BN were identified and analyzed by GC-MS and LC-MS.

The proposed degradation pathways of direct black BN (DB BN) were described by combining with the microwave-induced catalytic reaction mechanism of MgFe₂O₄-SiC.

The novel microwave catalyst MgFe₂O₄-SiC was synthesized via sol-gel method, to remove azo dye Direct Black BN (DB BN) through adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction. Microwave-induced catalytic degradation of DB BN, including adsorption behavior and its influencing factors of DB BN on MgFe₂O₄-SiC were investigated. According to the obtained results, it indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetics model was suitable for the adsorption of DB BN onto MgFe₂O₄-SiC. Besides, the consequence of adsorption isotherm depicted that the adsorption of DB BN was in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm, which verified that the singer layer adsorption of MgFe₂O₄-SiC was dominant than the multi-layer one. The excellent adsorption capacities of MgFe₂O₄-SiC were kept in the range of initial pH from 3 to 7. In addition, it could be concluded that the degradation rate of DB BN decreased over ten percent after the adsorption equilibrium had been attained, and the results from the result of comparative experiments manifested that the adsorption process was not conducive to the process of microwave-induced catalytic degradation. The degradation intermediates and products of DB BN were identified and determined by GC-MS and LC-MS. Furthermore, combined with the catalytic mechanism of MgFe₂O₄-SiC, the proposed degradation pathways of DB BN were the involution of microwave-induced ·OH and holes in this catalytic system the breakage of azo bond, hydroxyl substitution, hydroxyl addition, nitration reaction, deamination reaction, desorbate reaction, dehydroxy group and ring-opening reaction.

Keywords Adsorption Microwave-induced catalytic degradation Direct black BN Degradation pathway

Corresponding Author(s): Shaogui Yang,Huan He

Issue Date: 31 October 2017

Cite this article:

Shanshan Ding,Wen Huang,Shaogui Yang, et al. Degradation of Azo dye direct black BN based on adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(1): 5.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-1003-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2018/V12/I1/5

Fig.1 (a) The adsorption kinetics of MgFe₂O₄-SiC and commercial-AC with different initial concentrations of DB BN (adsorbent dosage= 1.5 g/L, T= 298K) and (b) the adsorption kinetics of microwave catalyst MgFe₂O₄-SiC under different temperatures of the system

Adsorption condition	Pseudo-first-order equation		Pseudo-second-order equation
Adsorption condition	$k 1$ (min⁻¹)		$q e$ (mg/g)	R²	$k 2$ (g/mg/min)	$q e$ (mg/g)	R²
Initial concentration (mg/L)
10	0.14948	4.03663	0.9035		0.002295012	4.26157	0.8822
20	0.10038	12.2962	0.9643		0.037969	13.5094	0.9870
40	0.08822	14.08029	0.9120		0.051627	15.41989	0.9628
60	0.06549	18.173	0.9802		0.077939	20.1889	0.9644
80	0.05067	25.67526	0.9662		0.16686361	29.07415	0.9941
Temperature (K)
288	0.10873	7.1567	0.9677		82.38985	7.81218	0.9841
298	0.06472	7.06067	0.8961		46.23871	7.83924	0.9523
308	0.09652	8.67823	0.9539		129.86861	9.51966	0.9837

Tab.1 Parameters of adsorption kinetic models of DB BN onto MgFe₂O₄-SiC samples

Fig.2 (a) The adsorption kinetics of microwave catalyst MgFe₂O₄-SiC under different initial pH of DB BN; (b) Effect of pH on the adsorption capacity of microwave catalyst MgFe₂O₄-SiC for the removal of DB BN

Fig.3 Adsorption isotherms of DB BN onto microwave catalyst MgFe₂O₄-SiC fitting with (a) Langmuir model; (b) Freundlich model

Fig.4 Microwave-induced catalytic degradation of DB BN with different concentrations

Fig.5 The degradation of different kinds of azo dyes with MgFe₂O₄-SiC under the same microwave-induced catalytic degradation system

Fig.6 The pure microwave-induced catalytic degradation of MgFe₂O₄-SiC and commercial-AC of DB BN (a) without adsorption and (b) after the finished adsorption equilibrium

Tab.2 Degraded compounds identified by GC-MS and LC-MS

Fig.24 Possible degradation pathways of DB BN in microwave-induced catalytic system

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