Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

doi:10.1007/s11783-019-1194-4

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2020, Vol. 14

Issue (1) : 15 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1194-4

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Kanha Gupta¹, Nitin Khandelwal², Gopala Krishna Darbha^2,³(

)

¹. Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, Pincode 741246, India
². Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, Pincode 741246, India
³. Center for Climate & Environmental Studies, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, Pincode 741246, India

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Abstract

• Eco-friendly IONPs were synthesized through solvothermal method.

• IONPs show very high removal efficiency for CeO₂ NPs i.e. 688 mg/g.

• Removal was >90% in all synthetic and real water samples.

• >80% recovery of CeO₂ NPs through sonication confirms reusability of IONPs.

Increasing applications of metal oxide nanoparticles and their release in the natural environment is a serious concern due to their toxic nature. Therefore, it is essential to have eco-friendly solutions for the remediation of toxic metal oxides in an aqueous environment. In the present study, eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are synthesized using solvothermal technique and successfully characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM respectively) and powder X-Ray diffraction (PXRD). These IONPs were further utilized for the remediation of toxic metal oxide nanoparticle, i.e., CeO₂. Sorption experiments were also performed in complex aqueous solutions and real water samples to check its applicability in the natural environment. Reusability study was performed to show cost-effectiveness. Results show that these 200 nm-sized spherical IONPs, as revealed by SEM and TEM analysis, were magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and contained short-range crystallinity as confirmed from XRD spectra. Sorption experiments show that the composite follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Further R²>0.99 for Langmuir sorption isotherm suggests chemisorption as probable removal mechanism with monolayer sorption of CeO₂ NPs on IONP. More than 80% recovery of adsorbed CeO₂ NPs through ultrasonication and magnetic separation of reaction precipitate confirms reusability of IONPs. Obtained removal % of CeO₂ in various synthetic and real water samples was>90% signifying that IONPs are candidate adsorbent for the removal and recovery of toxic metal oxide nanoparticles from contaminated environmental water samples.

Keywords Adsorption toxic metal oxide remediation eco-friendly IONP Iron oxide CeO₂ removal

Corresponding Author(s): Gopala Krishna Darbha

Issue Date: 05 December 2019

Cite this article:

Kanha Gupta,Nitin Khandelwal,Gopala Krishna Darbha. Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2020, 14(1): 15.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-019-1194-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2020/V14/I1/15

Fig.1 (a) SEM image of IONPs and inside TEM image of IONPs (b) TEM image of CeO₂(c) Line-Scan of IONPs (d) change in hydrodynamic diameter of blank CeO₂ suspension with time.

Fig.2 (a) XRD pattern of IONPs (b) Zeta potentials and pH_PZC of IONPs and CeO₂.

Tab.1 Obtained parameters for various kinetic models

Fig.3 Fitting of different kinetic models to CeO₂ adsorption by IONPs: (a) pseudo-ﬁrst-order, (b) pseudo-second-order, (c) Elovich, and (d) Intraparticle diffusion model.

Tab.2 Obtained parameters for various sorption isotherms

Fig.4 (a) Langmuir and (b) Freundlich adsorption isotherms.

Fig.5 (a) Effect of bicarbonate ions (HCO₃^?) concentration on CeO₂ sorption and (b) adsorption capacity with varying pH.

Fig.6 Removal percentage of CeO₂ NPs from complex matrix.

Fig.7 CeO₂ adsorption and recovery methodology for IONPs.

Fig.8 (a, b) TEM and STEM image of CeO₂-IONPs reaction precipitate respectively (c) elemental distribution along spherical IONPs in reaction mixture (d) DLS analysis of CeO₂ and IONPs mixture suspension with time (e) FT-IR spectra of IONP, CeO₂ and IONP-CeO₂ reaction precipitate and (f) experimental images showing blank CeO₂ suspension, magnetic separation after sorption, redispersion using sonication and recovered CeO₂.

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