ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

doi:10.15302/J-FASE-2021429

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

2022, Vol. 9

Issue (3) : 445-456 https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021429

REVIEW

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

Enzai DU^1,²(

), Nan XIA², Yuying GUO², Yuehan TIAN², Binghe LI², Xuejun LIU³, Wim de VRIES^4,⁵

¹. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
². School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
³. National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
⁴. Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Research, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
⁵. Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands

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Abstract

● Patterns and effects of N deposition on urban forests are reviewed.

● N deposition generally shows an urban hotspot phenomenon.

● Urban N deposition shows high ratios of ammonium to nitrate.

● N deposition likely has distinct effects on urban and natural forests.

The global urban area is expanding continuously, resulting in unprecedented emissions and deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) in urban environments. However, large knowledge gaps remain in the ecological effects of N deposition on urban forests that provide key ecosystem services for an increasing majority of city dwellers. The current understanding of the spatial patterns and ecological effects of N deposition in urban forests was synthesized based on a literature review of observational and experimental studies. Nitrogen deposition generally increases closer to cities, resulting in an urban hotspot phenomenon. Chemical components of N deposition also shift across urban-suburban-rural gradients, showing higher ratios of ammonium to nitrate in and around urban areas. The ecological effects of N deposition on urban forest ecosystems are overviewed with a special focus on ecosystem N cycling, soil acidification, nutrient imbalances, soil greenhouse gas emissions, tree growth and forest productivity, and plant and soil microbial diversity. The distinct effects of unprecedented N deposition on urban forests are discussed in comparison with the common effects in natural forests. Despite the existing research efforts, several key research needs are highlighted to fill the knowledge gaps in the ecological effects of N deposition on urban forests.

Keywords biodiversity carbon sequestration nitrogen deposition nutrient imbalance soil acidification urban forest

Corresponding Author(s): Enzai DU

About author:

Tongcan Cui and Yizhe Hou contributed equally to this work.

Just Accepted Date: 16 November 2021 Online First Date: 30 November 2021 Issue Date: 09 September 2022

Cite this article:

Enzai DU,Nan XIA,Yuying GUO, et al. ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2022, 9(3): 445-456.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2021429
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2022/V9/I3/445

Fig.1 Spatial changes in population density, land cover, air pollution and climatic conditions across urban-suburban-natural gradients. Arrows indicate a decreasing trend.

Fig.2 Changes in atmospheric emissions (a), deposition (b)^[³⁷,³⁸^] and components (c)^[²⁷,³⁸^] of reactive N across urban-suburban-natural gradients.

Fig.3 The effects of N deposition in urban forests in comparison to natural forests. Given the paucity of relevant research on urban forests in the literature, the potential effects in urban forests are partially based on expert opinion.

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