Encapsulation of polyethylene glycol in cellulose-based porous capsules for latent heat storage and light-to-thermal conversion

doi:10.1007/s11705-022-2279-3

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (8) : 1038-1050 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-022-2279-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Encapsulation of polyethylene glycol in cellulose-based porous capsules for latent heat storage and light-to-thermal conversion

Jiangwei Li, Lina Meng, Jiaxuan Chen, Xu Chen, Yonggui Wang(

), Zefang Xiao, Haigang Wang, Daxin Liang, Yanjun Xie(

)

Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

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Abstract

Phase change materials are potential candidates for the application of latent heat storage. Herein, we fabricated porous capsules as shape-stable materials from cellulose-based polyelectrolyte complex, which were first prepared using cellulose 6-(N-pyridinium)hexanoyl ester as the cationic polyelectrolyte and carboxymethyl cellulose as the anionic polyelectrolyte to encapsulate polyethylene glycol by the vacuum impregnation method. Furthermore, the multi-walled carbon nanotube or graphene oxide, which were separately composited into the polyelectrolytes complex capsules to enhance thermal conductivity and light-to-thermal conversion efficiency. These capsules owned a typical core–shell structure, with an extremely high polyethylene glycol loading up to 34.33 g∙g^‒1. After loading of polyethylene glycol, the resulted cellulose-based composite phase change materials exhibited high thermal energy storage ability with the latent heat up to 142.2 J∙g^‒1, which was 98.5% of pure polyethylene glycol. Further results showed that the composite phase change materials demonstrated good form-stable property and thermal stability. Moreover, studies involving light-to-thermal conversion determined that composite phase change materials exhibited outstanding light-to-thermal conversion performance. Considering their exceptional comprehensive features, innovative composite phase change materials generated from cellulose presented a highly interesting choice for thermal management and renewable thermal energy storage.

Keywords cellulose polyelectrolytes phase change materials thermal energy storage light-to-thermal conversion

Corresponding Author(s): Yonggui Wang,Yanjun Xie

Just Accepted Date: 24 November 2022 Online First Date: 10 May 2023 Issue Date: 20 July 2023

Cite this article:

Jiangwei Li,Lina Meng,Jiaxuan Chen, et al. Encapsulation of polyethylene glycol in cellulose-based porous capsules for latent heat storage and light-to-thermal conversion[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(8): 1038-1050.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-022-2279-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2023/V17/I8/1038

Tab.1 Reaction conditions and results of CPHEs

Fig.1 (a) The synthesis route of CPHEs; (b) FTIR spectra of CPHE-3 and MCC; liquid-state (c) ¹³C and (d) ¹H NMR spectra of CPHE-3; XPS spectra for CPHE-3: (e) Br 3d, (f) N 1s, and (g) Cl 2p.

Scheme1 Schematic illustration for the preparation of CPEC-based porous capsules and the PEG-based composite PCMs.

Fig.2 Photos of (a₁) CPEC, (b₁) CPEC/GO-3, and (c₁) CPEC/CNT-3; SEM images of the surface structures for (a₂) CPEC, (b₂) CPEC/GO-3, and (c₂) CPEC/CNT-3; SEM images of the inner structures for (a₃) CPEC, (b₃) CPEC/GO-3, and (c₃) CPEC/CNT-3.

Fig.3 Photos of (a₁) PEG@CPEC, (b₁) PEG@CPEC/GO-3, and (c₁) PEG@CPEC/CNT-3; SEM images of (a₂) PEG@CPEC, (b₂) PEG@CPEC/GO-3, and (c₂) PEG@CPEC/CNT-3; (d) the WGR values for the obtained PEG-based composite PCMs.

Tab.2 DSC results of PEG, PEG@CPEC, PEG@CPEC/GO and PEG@CPEC/CNT

Fig.4 (a) DSC curves of PEG and composite PCMs; leakage test photos of PEG and the composite PCMs at (b) 20 °C and (c) 90 °C (samples 1–7 represented the samples of PEG@CPEC, PEG@CPEC/CNT-0.5, 1, 3, PEG@CPEC/GO-0.5, 1, and 3, respectively); DSC curves of (d) PEG@CPEC, (e) PEG@CPEC/GO-3, and (f) PEG@CPEC/CNT-3 after the 1st, 50th, 100th, 150th, and 200th heating and cooling cycles.

Fig.5 The thermal transport performance of the samples: time-dependent temperature evolution curves of (a) PEG@CPEC/GO and (b) PEG@CPEC/CNT during heating and cooling (temperature plateaus during heating and cooling processes are correspondingly denoted by black rectangles); (c–d) infrared images showing temperature variations of samples during heating and cooling. Note: Samples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in (c) represented CPEC, PEG@CPEC, PEG@CPEC/GO-0.5, PEG@CPEC/GO-3, and PEG@CPEC/GO-1, respectively. Samples i, ii, iii, iv and v in (d) represented CPEC, PEG@CPEC, PEG@CPEC/CNT-1, PEG@CPEC/CNT-3, and PEG@CPEC/CNT-0.5, respectively. The numbers above or below the arrows in (c) and (d) denoted the temperatures (°C) of the corresponding samples.

Fig.6 The light-to-thermal conversion of samples: light-to-thermal conversion curves of (a) PEG@CPEC/GO and (b) PEG@CPEC/CNT (the black rectangles showed the temperature plateaus during the heating and cooling processes); (c–d) infrared images showing the temperature variations of samples during the cooling process. Note: samples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in (c) represented the samples of CPEC, PEG@CPEC, PEG@CPEC/GO-1, PEG@CPEC/GO-3, and PEG@CPEC/GO-0.5, respectively. Samples i, ii, iii, iv, and v in (d) represented the samples of CPEC, PEG@CPEC, PEG@CPEC/CNT-1, PEG@CPEC/CNT-3, and PEG@CPEC/CNT-0.5, respectively. The numbers above or below the arrows in(c–d) denoted the temperatures (°C) of the corresponding samples.

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