Flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding photothermal effect, excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties

doi:10.1007/s11705-022-2251-2

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (8) : 1028-1037 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-022-2251-2

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding photothermal effect, excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties

Ya-Ge Zhang, Ling-Zhi Huang, Qi Yuan(

), Ming-Guo Ma(

)

Research Center of Biomass Clean Utilization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

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Abstract

Electrodes that combine energy storage with mechanical and photothermal performance are necessary for efficient development and use of flexible energy storage and conversion devices. In this study, the flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films were fabricated via a one-step “soak and polymerization” method. The dense sandwich structure and strong interfacial interaction endowed polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with excellent flexibility, outstanding mechanical strength, and desired toughness. Interestingly, the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite film electrodes with quaternary amine functionalized cellulose nanofiber had the highest specific mass capacitance (392.90 F∙g^–1) and specific areal capacitance (3.32 F∙cm^–2) than the electrodes with unmodified and carboxyl functionalized cellulose nanofibers. Further, the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with sandwich structure had excellent photothermal conversion properties. This study demonstrated a feasible and versatile method for preparing of multifunctional composite films, having promising applications in various energy storage fields.

Keywords cellulose nanofiber electrochemical photothermal conversion polypyrrole

Corresponding Author(s): Qi Yuan,Ming-Guo Ma

Online First Date: 19 December 2022 Issue Date: 20 July 2023

Cite this article:

Ya-Ge Zhang,Ling-Zhi Huang,Qi Yuan, et al. Flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding photothermal effect, excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(8): 1028-1037.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-022-2251-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2023/V17/I8/1028

Fig.1 (a) Schematic diagram depicting the synthesis of PPy-coated modified CNF films; (b) the PPy/CNF composite films with electrical conductivity and photothermal conversion performance; (c) hydrogen bonding between PPy and different CNF films.

Fig.2 (a) Wide-scan XPS of CNF-1, CNF-2 and CNF-3 samples; (b) high-resolution O 1s spectra of CNF-2; (c) high-resolution N 1s spectra of CNF-3; (d) pore size distribution curves of PPy/CNF-1, PPy/CNF-2, PPy/CNF-3 composite films.

Fig.3 SEM images of (a) CNF-1, (b) CNF-2, (c) CNF-3; (d) PPy/CNF-1, (e) PPy/CNF-2, and (f) PPy/CNF-3 composite films.

Fig.4 (a) Stress-strain curves and (b) mechanical properties of PPy/CNF composite films; (c) the comparison of mass loadings of PPy and thickness of the PPy/CNF composite films; sheet resistance variation of PPy/CNF composite films with different bending (d) cycles and (e) angles; (f) The comparison of sheet resistance and conductivity of the fabricated PPy/CNF composite films.

Fig.5 Comparison between cyclic voltammograms of different PPy/CNF composite film electrodes at scan rates of (a) 5 mV?s^?1 and (b) 50 mV?s^?1; (c) gravimetric capacitances and (d) areal capacitances of PPy/CNF films electrodes at different charging/discharging current densities; (e) Nyquist plot (the equivalent circuit is exhibited in the inset) and (f) cycling performance of PPy/CNF composite films in terms of capacitance retention at 10 mA?cm^?2 (the capacitance from the first cycle is set to 100%).

Fig.6 Photothermal heating and cooling curves of the (a) PPy/CNF-1, (b) PPy/CNF-2, and (c) PPy/CNF-3 composite films at different power densities; infrared thermographic photographs of (d) PPy/CNF-1, (e) PPy/CNF-2, and (f) PPy/CNF-3 composite films at different power densities.

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