Full scale amendment of a contaminated wood impregnation site with iron water treatment residues

doi:10.1007/s11783-016-0842-1

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (4) : 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0842-1

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Full scale amendment of a contaminated wood impregnation site with iron water treatment residues

Sanne Skov NIELSEN¹,Peter KJELDSEN^2,^*(

),Rasmus JAKOBSEN²

1. Orbicon, Ringstedvej 20, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljovej 113, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
3. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, ?ster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

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Abstract

Iron water treatment residues are a free by-product with high concentration of iron oxides

Iron water treatment residues has a large potential for arsenic sorption

Soils are highly contaminated by arsenic at wood preservation sites

Iron water treatment residues were added to hot spots contaminated with arsenic

The addition led to significant decrease in leaching of arsenic from the contaminated soil

Iron water treatment residues (Fe-WTR) are a free by-product of the treatment of drinking water with high concentration of iron oxides and potential for arsenic sorption. This paper aims at applying Fe-WTR to a contaminated site, measuring the reduction in contaminant leaching, and discussing the design of delivery and mixing strategy for soil stabilization at field scale and present a cost-effective method of soil mixing by common contractor machinery. Soil contaminated by As, Cr, and Cu at an abandoned wood impregnation site was amended with 0.22% (dw) Fe-WTR. To evaluate the full scale amendment a 100 m² test site and a control site (without amendment) were monitored for 14 months. Also soil analysis of Fe to evaluate the degree of soil and Fe-WTR mixing was done. Stabilization with Fe-WTR had a significant effect on leachable contaminants, reducing pore water As by 93%, Cu by 91% and Cr by 95% in the upper samplers. Dosage and mixing of Fe-WTR in the soil proved to be difficult in the deeper part of the field, and pore water concentrations of arsenic was generally higher. Despite water logged conditions no increase in dissolved iron or arsenic was observed in the amended soil. Our field scale amendment of contaminated soil was overall successful in decreasing leaching of As, Cr and Cu. With minor improvements in the mixing and delivery strategy, this stabilization method is suggested for use in cases, where leaching of Cu, Cr and As constitutes a risk for groundwater and freshwater.

Keywords Field experiment Iron oxide Arsenic Stabilization Wood preservation sites

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Corresponding Author(s): Peter KJELDSEN

Issue Date: 28 April 2016

Cite this article:

Sanne Skov NIELSEN,Peter KJELDSEN,Rasmus JAKOBSEN. Full scale amendment of a contaminated wood impregnation site with iron water treatment residues[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(4): 3.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-016-0842-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2016/V10/I4/3

Tab.1 Average solid concentrations and BET surface area of soil and Fe-WTR and average speciation of pore water in the amended field, control field and undisturbed soil. Number of samples, n, are given in parenthesis)*. For pore water, numbers in parenthesis are lowest and highest measured value of As(III) in μg·L^-¹. Basic soil properties are given in [16].

Fig.1 Sketch of vegetation at Collstrop Brownfield, a former wood impregnation plant. Vegetation is drawn based on observations from [19], but is generally in agreement with author observation within recent years (left). Configuration of the full scale soil stabilization experiment with location of pore water samplers, shallow wells and soil samples. Two soil samples were taken at each sampling point (top right)

Fig.2 Pictures from the amendment action showing the used rotary screening bucket

Fig.3 Total iron concentration in the two test fields after application of water treatment residues (WTR) amendment to the northern field. The size of the bubble denotes the iron concentration

Fig.4 Soil pore water concentrations of redox sensitive elements As (b+c), Fe (d+e) and Mn (f+g) and average water table (a). Left column shows pore water samplers in 50 cm depth and the right 100 cm depth. Data points are average of two samplers for elements and four for the water table. Error bars denotes the high and low value. If no error bars are shown, the data point consists of a single measurement from one sampler

Fig.5 Soil pore water concentrations of Cr (a+ b) and Cu (c+ d). Data points are average of two samplers. Error bars denotes the high and low value. If no error bars are shown, the data point consists of a single measurement from one sampler

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