Condition monitoring of a wind turbine generator using a standalone wind turbine emulator

doi:10.1007/s11708-016-0419-5

Front. Energy

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (3) : 286-297 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-016-0419-5

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Condition monitoring of a wind turbine generator using a standalone wind turbine emulator

Himani(

),Ratna DAHIYA

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra 136119, India

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Abstract

The intend of this paper is to give a description of the realization of a low-cost wind turbine emulator(WTE) with open source technology from graze required for the condition monitoring to diagnose rotor and stator faults in a wind turbine generator (WTG). The WTE comprises of a 2.5 kW DC motor coupled with a 1 kW squirrel-cage induction machine. This paper provides a detailed overview of the hardware and software used along with the WTE control strategies such as MPPT and pitch control. The emulator reproduces dynamic characteristics both under step variations and arbitrary variation in the wind speed of a typical wind turbine (WT) of a wind energy conversion system (WECS). The usefulness of the setup has been benchmarked with previously verified WT test rigs made at the University of Manchester and Durham University in UK. Considering the fact that the rotor blades and electric subassemblies direct drive WTs are most susceptible to damage in practice, generator winding faults and rotor unbalance have been introduced and investigated using the terminal voltage and generated current. This wind turbine emulator (WTE) can be reconfigured or analyzed for condition monitoring without the need for real WTs.

Keywords condition monitoring (CM) wind turbine emulator (WTE) wind turbine generator (WTG) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) tip speed ratio (TSR) rotor faults stator faults

Corresponding Author(s): Himani

Just Accepted Date: 17 June 2016 Online First Date: 22 July 2016 Issue Date: 07 September 2016

Cite this article:

Himani,Ratna DAHIYA. Condition monitoring of a wind turbine generator using a standalone wind turbine emulator[J]. Front. Energy, 2016, 10(3): 286-297.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-016-0419-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2016/V10/I3/286

Fig.1 Failure rates for German and Danish power plants

Fig.2 A WTE

(a) Coupled motors; (b) mechanical model of a wind turbine

Tab.1 Wind turbine parameters

Fig.3 Block diagram of the system instrumentation

Fig.4 Equivalent of DC motor

Tab.2 Specifications of DC motor

Tab.3 Parameters of induction generator

Fig.5 Current control circuit

Fig.6 Performance comparison of WTE reference parameters with actual experimental values under full load condition and at a constant wind speed of 7 m/s: actual current vs. reference current

Fig.7 Block diagram of the calculations of WTE

Fig.8 Application of varying wind speed from 6m/s to 7m/s

Fig.9 Performance comparison of WTE with step variations in wind speed: reference power and actual power

Fig.10 Performance comparison of WTE with step variations in wind speed: reference current and actual current

Fig.11 Application of arbitrary wind speed variations

Fig.12 Performance comparison of WTE with arbitrary variations in wind speed: reference power and actual power

Fig.13 Performance comparison of WTE with arbitrary variations in wind speed: reference current and actual current

Tab.4 Comparison of test rigs

Tab.5 Comparison of stator current spectra

Fig.14 Constant wind speed of 7m/s: terminal voltage in healthy conditions

Fig.15 Constant wind speed of 7m/s: generated current in healthy conditions

Fig.16 With load and constant wind speed of 7 m/s: terminal voltage in faulty conditions

Fig.17 With load and constant wind speed of 7m/s: generated current in faulty conditions

Fig.18 Power spectrum of voltage in healthy conditions under load condition at constant wind speed

Fig.19 Power spectrum of voltage in faulty conditions under load condition at constant wind speed

Fig.20 PSD of full load current at the constant wind speed of 7 m/s

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