Early-stage nucleation of manganese sulfide particle and its processing evolution in Fe--3wt.%Si alloys

doi:10.1007/s11706-016-0325-0

Front. Mater. Sci.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (1) : 66-72 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-016-0325-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Early-stage nucleation of manganese sulfide particle and its processing evolution in Fe--3wt.%Si alloys

Wei GUO¹,Li MENG^2,^3,^*(

),Hongcai WANG⁴,Guochun YAN²,Weimin MAO²

1. Department of Microstructures and Alloy Design, Max-Planck Institute für Eisenforschung, Düsseldorf, 40237, Germany
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3. Department of Beijing Research and Development, East China Branch of Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
4. Institute fu?r Werkstoffe, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, 44801, Germany

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Abstract

Manganese sulfide is often referred to as one of important inhibitors in grain-oriented electrical steels, which is of great importance to yield strong Goss texture. However, the early stage of nucleation for such inhibitors and their evolution during the processing has not been well understood. In present work we selected a Fe--3.12wt.%Si--0.11wt.%Mn--0.021wt.%S model system and used FE-SEM and atom probe tomography (APT) to investigate the precipitation behavior of MnS inhibitors at near atomic scale. It was found that the Si--S enriched clusters with sizes of 5--15 nm were formed close to the MnS particles. The density of inhibitors decreased after large pseudo-plane-strain compression because of the effect of dislocation motion, and then slightly increased again when sample was aged at 200°C for 48 h. The dislocations and grain boundaries can act as fast diffusion paths and assist the reemergence of Si--S enriched clusters.

Keywords manganese sulfide (MnS) inhibitor nucleation precipitation grain-oriented electrical steels

Corresponding Author(s): Li MENG

Online First Date: 31 December 2015 Issue Date: 15 January 2016

Cite this article:

Wei GUO,Li MENG,Hongcai WANG, et al. Early-stage nucleation of manganese sulfide particle and its processing evolution in Fe--3wt.%Si alloys[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2016, 10(1): 66-72.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-016-0325-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2016/V10/I1/66

Fig.1 FE-SEM observations of particles distributions at different processing stages of Fe–3wt.%Si alloys: (a) high-temperature solid-soluted sample annealed at 800°C for 20 h (normalized sample); (b) annealed sample deformed with 60% reduction; (c) 60% deformed sample aged at 200°C for 20 h. (d) Also shown are the statistical counts of inhibitors within an area of 6 μm × 6 μm.

Fig.2 (a) FE-SEM image showing the existence of MnS particles after 800°C for 20 h. (b) APT reconstructed atomic map containing the MnS particle as marked in (a). (c) APT reconstruction showing the atom maps of Fe (pink), Mn (gray), Si (green) and S (red). Selected volumes of APT reconstruction containing (d) MnS particles and (e) S-enriched zones are taken for exact chemical analysis. (f) 1D concentration profiles showing the concentration along the interface of Fe–Si matrix/MnS precipitate. (g) Proximity histogram analysis mapped across the 15 at.% S isoconcentration surface.

Fig.3 APT analysis of sulfur segregation at the grain boundary of ferrite aged at 800°C for 20 h: (a) a top view of element map clearly show the segregation of sulfur atoms; (b) proxigram shows the concentration profiles across the 1 at.% S isoconcentration surface.

Fig.4 Representative APT reconstruction map showing the atomic distribution Fe (pink), Mn (gray), Si (green) and S (red) atoms in the sample after 60% cold reduction.

Fig.5 Influence of temperature on calculated nucleation driving force of MnS and FeS particles in Fe–3wt.%Si alloy.

Tab.1 Diffusion constant, activation energy and related effective distance for diffusion of Mn, Si and S atoms in pure ferrite iron

Tab.1

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