Ballistic behavior of plain and reinforced concrete slabs under high velocity impact

doi:10.1007/s11709-019-0588-5

Front. Struct. Civ. Eng.

2020, Vol. 14

Issue (2) : 299-310 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-019-0588-5

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ballistic behavior of plain and reinforced concrete slabs under high velocity impact

Chahmi OUCIF¹(

), Luthfi Muhammad MAULUDIN^1,², Farid Abed³

¹. Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Weimar D-99423, Germany
². Teknik Sipil, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Gegerkalong Hilir Ds.Ciwaruga, Bandung 40012, Indonesia
³. Department of Civil Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates

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Abstract

This work presents a numerical simulation of ballistic penetration and high velocity impact behavior of plain and reinforced concrete slabs. In this paper, we focus on the comparison of the performance of the plain and reinforced concrete slabs of unconfined compressive strength 41 MPa under ballistic impact. The concrete slab has dimensions of 675 mm × 675 mm × 200 mm, and is meshed with 8-node hexahedron solid elements in the impact and outer zones. The ogive-nosed projectile is considered as rigid element that has a mass of 0.386 kg and a length of 152 mm. The applied velocities vary between 540 and 731 m/s. 6 mm of steel reinforcement bars were used in the reinforced concrete slabs. The constitutive material modeling of the concrete and steel reinforcement bars was performed using the Johnson-Holmquist-2 damage and the Johnson-Cook plasticity material models, respectively. The analysis was conducted using the commercial finite element package Abaqus/Explicit. Damage diameters and residual velocities obtained by the numerical model were compared with the experimental results and effect of steel reinforcement and projectile diameter were studies. The validation showed good agreement between the numerical and experimental results. The added steel reinforcements to the concrete samples were found efficient in terms of ballistic resistance comparing to the plain concrete sample.

Keywords Johnson-Holmquist-2 Johnson-Cook reinforced concrete damage impact loads

Corresponding Author(s): Chahmi OUCIF

Just Accepted Date: 30 December 2019 Online First Date: 31 March 2020 Issue Date: 08 May 2020

Cite this article:

Chahmi OUCIF,Luthfi Muhammad MAULUDIN,Farid Abed. Ballistic behavior of plain and reinforced concrete slabs under high velocity impact[J]. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2020, 14(2): 299-310.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/10.1007/s11709-019-0588-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/Y2020/V14/I2/299

Fig.1 Pressure-volumetric strain relationship of the JH-2 model.

parameters	value
R (kg/m³)	2440
G (GPa)	14.86
v	0.15
A	0.3
B	2
n	0,75
C	0.007
m	0.61
$ε ˙ 0$	1
S_max	7
T (GPa)	0.004
$ε ‾ f,min pl$	0.001
$ε ‾ f,max pl$	1
P_HEL(MPa)	33.43
D₁	0.04
D₂	1
K₁ (GPa)	17.12
K₂ (GPa)	-171
K₃ (GPa)	208
HEL (MPa)	71.12
f_c	41

Tab.1 Material parameters of the concrete material

Tab.2 Material parameters of the steel reinforcement [⁸⁰]

Fig.2 (a) Reinforced concrete slab and (b) projectile geometries.

Fig.3 FE model of steel reinforcement configuration.

Fig.4 Mesh convergence study with various mesh sizes.

Fig.5 E meshing of (a) total geometry, (b) quarter of geometry, (c) impact location details, (d) projectile, and (e) steel reinforcement.

Fig.6 Calculation of equivalent diameter of front and back craters.

Fig.7 Experimental and numerical comparison of front and back damages at impact velocity of 641 m/s.

Fig.8 Comparison of numerical and experimental residual velocities.

Fig.9 Configurations of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement steels of (a) RCS1, (b) RCS2, (c) RCS3, (d) SRCS samples.

Fig.10 Residual velocity and equivalent damage diameter of plain, reinforced and additionally reinforced concrete samples in (a) front surface and (b) back surface.

sample	velocity		front surface					back surface
	V₀ (m/s)	V (m/s)	d₁ (mm)	d₂ (mm)	d₃ (mm)	D₄ (mm)	d_m (mm)	d₁ (mm)	d₂ (mm)	d₃ (mm)	D₄ (mm)	d_m (mm)
PCS	540	308.71	287.57	298.16	280.07	285.40	287.8	321.96	337.23	327.81	332.16	329.79
	597	382.49	305.18	304.32	280.54	284.23	293.57	314.06	313.22	309.31	320.73	314.33
	641	439.15	301.66	312.22	295.64	299.03	302.14	323.87	318.45	324.51	313.63	320.12
	731	547.86	302.56	302.59	308.85	315.59	307.4	343.16	334.49	334	327	334.66
NRCS	540	307.24	284.8	281.4	235.5	238.2	259.98	318.4	306.97	278.93	278.75	295.76
	597	383.10	292.82	296.36	238.63	232.94	265.18	305.17	289.29	285	300.43	294.97
	641	439.36	299.95	301.71	246.89	244.04	273.15	298.14	295.76	276.25	270.19	285.09
	731	545.90	304.32	302.54	225	238.35	267.55	293.7	287.57	274.82	289.95	286.51
RCS1	540	293.5	246.34	248.85	232.96	231.15	239.83	284.04	305.34	287.13	280.05	289.14
	597	375.21	262.97	262.92	239.89	221.9	246.92	288.37	302.64	298.19	308.24	299.36
	641	430.36	277	269.96	267.97	265.35	270.07	295.51	290.21	300.43	302.85	297.25
	731	537.94	277	280.53	277.10	286.72	280.34	320.4	305.18	302.85	297.48	306.48
RCS2	540	293.5	246.34	245.31	233.6	224.62	237.46	284.96	301.66	284.95	294.79	291.59
	597	375.21	2262.96	260.37	238.36	219.31	242.75	285.74	297.22	303.22	303.91	297.52
	641	430.36	273.48	269.94	238.45	262.47	261.08	295.51	288.52	291.14	292.81	291.99
	731	537.94	277	277	276.68	281.37	278.01	309.57	303.45	294.89	297.53	301.36
RCS3	540	297.08	241.78	246.32	190.44	204.78	220.83	282.39	287.57	274.71	281.21	281.47
	597	374.44	236.82	237.23	216.49	213.77	226.08	284.98	284.05	268.82	262.76	275.15
	641	430.62	236.82	235.79	219.2	213.77	226.4	301.69	298.14	257.67	257.37	278.72
	731	536.75	252.35	253.35	221.62	230.04	239.34	300.78	301.66	260.56	265.21	282.05
SRCS	540	301.40	283.25	282.51	211.68	213.88	247.83	304.35	302.62	243.60	246.26	274.21
	597	378.6	290.31	290.32	232.89	222.25	258.94	322.02	316.66	265.2	268.14	293.01
	641	433.33	295.61	292.10	214.23	208.58	252.63	304.49	302.61	262.56	263.43	283.27
	731	542.05	300	298.24	221.98	224.71	261.23	300	299.12	281.74	278.66	289.88

Tab.3 Residual velocity and equivalent damage diameter of plain, reinforced and additionally reinforced concrete samples

Fig.11 Various projectile diameters.

Fig.12 Ballistic resistance of reinforced concrete sample with different projectile diameters.

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