Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: from pharmacology to neurocognitive models

doi:10.3868/j.issn.2096-0689.2018.01.001

Journal of Translational Neuroscience

2018, Vol. 3

Issue (1) : 1-11 https://doi.org/10.3868/j.issn.2096-0689.2018.01.001

Review

Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: from pharmacology to neurocognitive models

Zhemeng Wu¹, Qian Wang^2*

1.Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
2.Department of Clinical Psychology, Epilepsy Center, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China

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Abstract Schizophrenia is a typical mental disorder characterized by cognitive, social, and emotional impairments and by psychotic symptoms. For nearly a century, there have been ongoing discussions on the anatomical-functional connections between brain abnormalities and symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Neuroimaging studies in such patients show abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region that acts as an executive center in cognition processing. The disrupted brain connectivity between PFC and other brain structures (such as the limbic system, basal ganglia and thalamus) results in faulty information processing and cognition deficits. Dopamine receptors, which have his torically acted as vital targets in schizophrenia therapies, have complex roles in cognition. Here we reviewed dopamine’s role as a widespread neurotransmitter mediating the PFC-cognitive system. The imbalance of braindopamine level, especially the abnormal D1/D2receptors ratio, leads to dysfunctions in brain connectivity in patients with schizophrenia. Recent neurocognitive modeling studies suggest the imbalance of dopamine receptors affects the internal noise within brain networks, which may lead to reduced signal-to-noise ratio in the PFC neuron populations. Going forward, more researches focusing on the relationship between pharmacology and neurocognitive models are needed, in an effort to identify more effective and efficient ways to treat cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia.

Keywords dopamine internal noise model schizophrenia cognitive deficits

Issue Date: 01 September 2018

Cite this article:

Zhemeng Wu, Qian Wang. Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: from pharmacology to neurocognitive models[J]. Journal of Translational Neuroscience,2018, 3(1): 1-11.

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https://academic.hep.com.cn/jtn/EN/10.3868/j.issn.2096-0689.2018.01.001
https://academic.hep.com.cn/jtn/EN/Y2018/V3/I1/1

[1]	Wenzhu Wang, Xu Liu, Yan Yu, Lixu Liu. Dopamine and cognitive function after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion: a brief review[J]. Journal of Translational Neuroscience, 2018, 3(3): 9-16.
[2]	Yanbing Xiong, Xianbin Li, Zhen Mao, Lei Zhao, Yilang Tang, Chuanyue Wang. Prepulse inhibition deficits in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia: a meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Translational Neuroscience, 2018, 3(2): 23-34.
[3]	Anthony J Hannan. Optimising validity and translational potential in rodent models of brain disorders[J]. Journal of Translational Neuroscience, 2016, 1(2): 56-62.
[4]	Rena Li, Xin Ma, Gang Wang, Jian Yang, Chuanyue Wang. Why sex differences in schizophrenia?[J]. Journal of Translational Neuroscience, 2016, 1(1): 37-42.

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