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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering

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Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.    2016, Vol. 3 Issue (3) : 186-194    https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2016107
REVIEW
Molecular regulation and genetic improvement of seed oil content in Brassica napus L.
Wei HUA,Jing LIU,Hanzhong WANG()
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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Abstract

As an important oil crop and a potential bioenergy crop, Brassica napus L. is becoming a model plant for basic research on seed lipid biosynthesis as well as seed oil content, which has always been the key breeding objective. In this review, we present current progress in understanding of the regulation of oil content in B. napus, including genetics, biosynthesis pathway, transcriptional regulation, maternal effects and QTL analysis. Furthermore, the history of breeding for high oil content in B. napus is summarized and the progress in breeding ultra-high oil content lines is described. Finally, prospects for breeding high oil content B. napus cultivars are outlined.
Keywords breeding      maternal effects      oilseed rape      QTL     
Corresponding Author(s): Hanzhong WANG   
Just Accepted Date: 18 July 2016   Online First Date: 02 August 2016    Issue Date: 21 September 2016
 Cite this article:   
Wei HUA,Jing LIU,Hanzhong WANG. Molecular regulation and genetic improvement of seed oil content in Brassica napus L.[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2016, 3(3): 186-194.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2016107
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2016/V3/I3/186
Organ Function Gene Specie Reference No.
Embryo Fatty acid synthesis Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) Arabidopsis [13]
TAG synthesis Acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) Arabidopsis [19]
sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) Rapeseed [14]
Acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT) Arabidopsis, rapeseed [20,21]
Type 1 acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) Arabidopsis, rapeseed, maize [15,16]
Type 2 acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT2) Soybean [18]
Glycolysis related Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDHK) Arabidopsis, rapeseed [26,27]
Cytosolic D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glu6PDH) Arabidopsis [28]
Plastidial heteromeric pyuvate kinase complex Arabidopsis [25]
Transcription regulation Leafy contyledon 1 (LEC1) Arabidopsis, rapeseed, maize [34,35,37]
Leafy contyledon 2 (LEC2) Arabidopsis [36]
Transparent tetsa 2(TT2) Arabidopsis [40]
Wrinkled 1(WRI1) Arabidopsis, rapeseed, maize [30,32,37]
Seed coat Seed size regulating genes in embryo Apetala 2 (AP2) Arabidopsis [49]
CYP78A5 (KLU) Arabidopsis [48]
Transparent testa 8 (TT8) Arabidopsis [53]
Mother plant Photosynthesis Growth-regulating factor 2 (GRF2) Rapeseed [51]
All Cytoplast effect ORF188, a mitochondrial gene Rapeseed [55]
Tab.1  Identification and function of genes affecting seed oil content
Fig.1   Regulation model of seed oil content in Brassica napus. Boldfaces indicate major organs or factors controlling the seed oil content and their relative regulating pathways are listed in the parenthesis.
Oil content of parents/% Localization method QTL number Position Contribution/% Reference No.
43.6, 42 DHP, ML 7 N1,N3,N4,N8,N12,N13,N17 2.4–15.7 [58]
48, 46 DHP, ML 15 N1, N2, N3, N5, N6, N10, N12, N13, N15, N16, N17 1.2–13.4 [59]
47.5, 41.7 DHP, ML 8 N1, N4, N6, N12, N16, N17, N19 1.77–27.57 [59]
43.28, 37.03 DHP, ML 5 N1, N8, N10, N13 5.21–10.17 [64]
39.7, 34.8 DHP, ML 7 N4, N7, N11, N16, N17 3.73–10.46 [63]
39.70, 34.80 DHP, ML 9 N1, N3, N4, N5, N7, N13, N14 5.19–13.57 [65]
N/A DHP, ML 19 N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6,N7,N8,N10,N12,N13,N14,N16, N18 4.2–30.2 [66]
49.53, 39.42 DHP, ML 12 A2, A3, A5, A6, C2, C5, C8, C9 9.15–24.56 [69]
30–52 NP, GWAS 12 A1, A3, A9, A10, C2, C3 3–15 [67]
NP, GWAS 26 A1, A3, A4, A9, A10, C2, C3 5–15 [67]
32.66–46.73 NP, GWAS 4 A1, A5, A7, A8 4.42–13.13 [68]
34.2–51.4 NP, GWAS 1 A8 6.22 [74]
Tab.2  QTLs affecting seed oil content in B. napus
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