Carbonate formation and water level changes in a paleo-lake and its implication for carbon cycle and climate change, arid China

doi:10.1007/s11707-013-0392-9

Front Earth Sci

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (4) : 487-500 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-013-0392-9

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Carbonate formation and water level changes in a paleo-lake and its implication for carbon cycle and climate change, arid China

Yu LI(

), Nai’ang WANG, Zhuolun LI, Xuehua ZHOU, Chengqi ZHANG, Yue WANG

College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Center for Hydrologic Cycle and Water Resources in Arid Region, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

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Abstract

Carbonate deposition is a main inorganic carbon sink in lakes, which varies depending on climate change and internal lake dynamics. Research on the relationship between lake carbonate and climate will help to understand mechanisms of carbon cycle in lacustrine systems. The approach of this study is to explicitly link carbonate formation with Holocene long-term climate change and lake evolution in a paleo-lake (Zhuye Lake), which is a terminal lake of a typical inland drainage basin in arid China. This paper presents analysis on grain-size, carbonate content and mineralogical composition of sediment samples from different locations of Zhuye Lake. The results show that calcite and aragonite are two main components for the lake carbonate, and the carbonate enrichment is associated with lake expansion during the Late Glacial and early to middle Holocene. Holocene lake expansion in arid regions of China is usually connected with high basin-wide precipitation that can strengthen the basin-wide surface carbonate accumulation in the terminal lake. For this reason, Zhuye Lake plays a role of carbon sinks during the wet periods of the Holocene.

Keywords carbonate carbon cycle lake sediments mineralogical composition climate change

Corresponding Author(s): LI Yu,Email:liyu@lzu.edu.cn

Issue Date: 05 December 2013

Cite this article:

Yu LI,Nai’ang WANG,Zhuolun LI, et al. Carbonate formation and water level changes in a paleo-lake and its implication for carbon cycle and climate change, arid China[J]. Front Earth Sci, 2013, 7(4): 487-500.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-013-0392-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2013/V7/I4/487

Fig.1 Map showing latitudes, longitudes and elevations in the Shiyang River drainage area and Zhuye Lake. Black solid circles indicate the locations of the QTH01, QTH02, XQ, SKJ and JTL sections.

Fig.2 Lithology and the calibrated C dates (cal yr BP) for the QTH01, QTH02, XQ, SKJ and JTL sections.

Section	Laboratory number	Depth/m	Dating materials	¹⁴C age/yr BP	Calibrated ¹⁴C age (2σ)/cal yr BP
QTH01	LUG96-44	2.25	Organic matter	1550±60	1316-1551(1447)
	LUG96-45	2.50	Organic matter	2470±90	2351-2740(2547)
	BA05223	2.62	Shells	3140±40 (AMS)	3263-3448(3369)
	LUG96-46	2.90	Organic matter	3300±90	3356-3821(3537)
	LUG96-47	3.15	Organic matter	4130±110	4298-4953(4652)
	BA05224	3.15	Shells	4160±40 (AMS)	4571-4831(4702)
	LUG96-48	3.60	Organic matter	4530±80	4881-5449(5168)
	LUG96-49	4.25	Inorganic matter	5960±65	6652-6953(6796)
	BA05225	4.25	Shells	5920±40 (AMS)	6658-6854(6742)
	BA101234	4.25	Pollen concentrates	6510±40(AMS)	7322-7494(7429)
	LUG02-25	5.37	Organic matter	8412±62	9293-9530(9437)
	BA101237	5.61	Pollen concentrates	14220±50(AMS)	16989-17599(17299)
	LUG02-23	5.72	Organic matter	9183±60	10234-10502(10353)
QTH02	BA101254	1.99	Pollen concentrates	4300±25(AMS)	4830-4958(4856)
	BA05222	3.88	Shells	6550±40 (AMS)	7344-7563(7461)
	BA101256	3.88	Pollen concentrates	7705±35(AMS)	8413-8575(8487)
	BA05221	4.75	Shells	6910±40 (AMS)	7671-7833(7739)
	BA101257	4.75	Pollen concentrates	7735±35(AMS)	8432-8587(8510)
	BA05218	5.91	Shells	11175±50 (AMS)	12875-13241(13069)
XQ	Zhao (2005)	0.45	Organic matter	3628±58	3731-4144(3946)
	BA101249	0.48	Pollen concentrates	5855±30(AMS)	6567-6745(6678)
	Zhao (2005)	1.62	Organic matter	5176±68	5746-6177(5937)
	Zhao (2005)	2.28	Organic matter	3758±65	3926-4405(4126)
	Zhao (2005)	3.51	Organic matter	21101±220	24539-25862(25220)
	BA101248	3.98	Pollen concentrates	22380±100(AMS)	26301-27716(27063)
	Zhao (2005)	4.29	Organic matter	18803±207	21816-23290(22431)
	Zhao (2005)	6.00	Organic matter	22158±189	26052-27580(26618)
	BA101247	6.03	Pollen concentrates	21000±120(AMS)	24575-25510(25045)
	Zhao (2005)	6.23	Organic matter	10400±80	12029-12555(12275)
	Zhao (2005)	7.42	Organic matter	12688±117	14237-15572(14992)
	BA101246	8.13	Pollen concentrates	15360±60(AMS)	18499-18792(18619)
	Zhao (2005)	8.27	Organic matter	11650±110	13290-13753(13512)
JTL	LUG-03-08	0.98	Organic matter	6071±80	6744-7162(6939)
	BA101253	1.00	Pollen concentrates	8000±40(AMS)	8663-9009(8875)
	LUG-03-07	1.29	Organic matter	6350±114	6987-7475(7271)
	LUG-03-06	1.50	Organic matter	7410±140	7952-8454(8224)
	LUG-03-05	1.81	Organic matter	6688±100	7419-7732(7558)
SKJ	BA101239	0.58	Pollen concentrates	3630±25(AMS)	3866-4070(3941)
	Zhao (2005)	0.93	Organic matter	2541±57	2366-2759(2605)
	Zhao (2005)	1.14	Organic matter	4808±70	5324-5659(5525)

Tab.1 Conventional and AMS C dates for the QTH01, QTH02, XQ, JTL and SKJ sections.

Tab.2 Percentages of silt content (%), median grain-size (μm), carbonate content (%) and main mineralogical component for different phases in the QTH01, QTH02, XQ, SKJ and JTL sections.

Fig.3 Percentages of silt content (%), median grain-size (μm), carbonate content (%) and main mineralogical component in the QTH01 section, plotted against the depth. The grey bars indicate typical lacustrine layers with high carbonate content. The section is divided into A, B, C, D, and E five phases according to lithology, grain-size, carbonate content, and mineralogical composition. Ages marked in this figure are calibrated C ages /cal yr BP.

Fig.4 Percentages of silt content (%), median grain-size (μm), carbonate content (%) and main mineralogical component in the QTH02 section, plotted against the depth. The grey bars indicate typical lacustrine layers with high carbonate content. The section is divided into A, B, C, D, and E five phases according to lithology, grain-size, carbonate content, and mineralogical composition. Ages marked in this figure are calibrated C ages /cal yr BP.

Fig.5 Percentages of silt content (%), median grain-size (μm), carbonate content (%) and main mineralogical component in the XQ section, plotted against the depth. The grey bars indicate typical lacustrine layers with high carbonate content. The section is divided into A, B, C, and D four phases according to lithology, grain-size, carbonate content, and mineralogical composition. Ages marked in this figure are calibrated C ages /cal yr BP.

Fig.6 Percentages of silt content (%), median grain-size (μm), carbonate content (%) and main mineralogical component in the SKJ section, plotted against the depth. The grey bars indicate typical lacustrine layers with high carbonate content. The section is divided into A, B, C, D, and E five phases according to lithology, grain-size, carbonate content, and mineralogical composition. Ages marked in this figure are calibrated C ages /cal yr BP.

Fig.7 Percentages of silt content (%), median grain-size (μm), carbonate content (%) and main mineralogical component in the JTL section, plotted against the depth. The grey bars indicate typical lacustrine layers with high carbonate content. The section is divided into A, B, C, D, and E five phases according to lithology, grain-size, carbonate content, and mineralogical composition. Ages marked in this figure are calibrated C ages /cal yr BP.

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