Impact of FY-3A MWTS radiances on prediction in GRAPES with comparison of two quality control schemes

doi:10.1007/s11707-014-0405-3

Front. Earth Sci.

2014, Vol. 8

Issue (2) : 251-263 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-014-0405-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Impact of FY-3A MWTS radiances on prediction in GRAPES with comparison of two quality control schemes

Juan LI¹,Xiaolei ZOU^2,^*(

)

1. National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
2. Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee 32306, USA

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Abstract

The impact of Microwave Temperature Sounder (MWTS) radiances on the prediction of the Chinese Numerical Weather prediction (NWP) system-GRAPES (Global and Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System) with comparison of two Quality Control (QC) schemes was researched. The main differences between the two schemes are cloud detection, O–B (brightness temperature difference between observation and model simulation) check and thinning. To evaluate the impact of the two QC schemes on GRAPES, a typhoon case study and cycle experiments were conducted. In the typhoon case study, two experiments were conducted using both the new and old QC schemes. The results show that outliers are removed in the new QC while they exist in the old QC. The analysis and the model forecast are subsequently generated after assimilating data from the two QC schemes. The model-predicted steering flows more southward with the new QC scheme, and as a result, the forecast track in the experiments is more southward, i.e., closer to the best track than the old scheme. In addition to the case study, four impact cycle experiments were conducted for 25-day periods. The results show that the new QC scheme removed nearly all the biases whereas the old scheme could not. Furthermore, the mean and standard deviation of analysis increments with the new scheme is much smaller than those of O–B. In contrast, the old scheme values are either slightly smaller or the same. Verifications indicate that forecast skill is improved after applying the new scheme. The largest improvements are found in the Southern Hemisphere. According to the results above, MWTS with the new QC scheme can improve the GRAPES forecast.

Keywords FY-3 MWTS typhoon GRAPES

Corresponding Author(s): Xiaolei ZOU

Issue Date: 24 June 2014

Cite this article:

Juan LI,Xiaolei ZOU. Impact of FY-3A MWTS radiances on prediction in GRAPES with comparison of two quality control schemes[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2014, 8(2): 251-263.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-014-0405-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2014/V8/I2/251

Tab.1 Channel characteristics of FY-3A MWTS

Tab.2 Variables used in O–B check in old scheme

Fig.1 Typhoon Ma-on (No.1106) best track with a decrease in intensity from 0600 UTC, 12 July to 0000UTC, 22 July 2011. Different symbols and colors represent different typhoon classifications and sea level pressures respectively. (TS: Tropical Storm; STS: Strong Tropical Storm; TY: Typhoon; STY: Strong Typhoon; Super TY: Super Typhoon).

Fig.2 Background field with (c–d) and without (a–b) bogus typhoon at 00UTC, 13 July 2011. (a, c) The wind vector, wind speed (shaded, m·s^–1), and sea level pressure (contour, hPa) of background field; (b, d) vertical section of temperature anomaly (shaded, K) and meridional wind (m·s^–1).

Fig.3 (a) Cloudy FOVs defined by cloud fraction>37% (green dots) and MetOp-A AMSU-A FOVs with LWP>0.05 kg·m^–2 (black dots); (b) same as (a) but for LWP>0.01 kg·m^–2; (c) clear FOVs defined by cloud fraction≤37% (blue dots)) and that removed by O–B check (red dots). MetOp-A AMSU-A FOVs with LWP≤0.05 kg·m^–2 are shown as grey dots; (d) same as (c) but for LWP≤0.01 kg·m^–2, in MWTS2 experiment from 2100UTC, 12 July to 0300UTC, 13 July 2011.

Fig.4 (a) Cloudy FOVs defined by |O–B|_ch1≥3 K (green dots) and MetOp-A AMSU-A FOVs with LWP>0.05 kg·m^–2 ( black dots); (b) same to (a) but for LWP>0.01 kg·m^–2; (c) clear FOVs defined by |O–B|_ch1<3 K (blue dots) and clear FOVs removed by O–B check (red dots). MetOp-A AMSU-A FOVs with LWP≤0.05 kg·m^–2 are shown in grey dots; (d) same to (c) but for LWP≤0.01 kg·m^–2, in MWTS1 experiment from 2100UTC, 12 July to 0300UTC, 13 July 2011.

Fig.5 (a) The wind vector and wind speed (shaded) of the mean flow of the initial forecast filed at 00 UTC 13 July in MWTS2 experiments. (b) The environmental flow derived from (a). (c) The environmental flow from MWTS1. (d) Difference of environmental flow between MWTS2 and MWTS1 (MWTS2-MWTS1). Hurricane symbols are used to indicate the location of the storm center. The black solid arrows in (b), (c), and (d) represent the steering flow from MWTS2 (4.3 m·s^–1), MWTS1(3.8 m·s^–1), and the difference of the steering flow between MWTS2 and MWTS1 (0.7 m·s^–1), respectively.

Fig.6 (a) The wind vector, wind speed (shaded, m·s^–1), and geopotential height (contour, gpm) of 300 hPa at 1800 UTC 13 July which is the 18-hour forecast of MWTS1. The black solid arrows represent the steering flow. (b) Same as (a) but for MWTS2. (c) Same as (a) but for 1200 UTC 15 July which is the 60-hour forecast of MWTS1. (d) Same as (c) but for MWTS2. The blue solid arrows represent the difference of steering flow between MWTS2 and MWTS1 in (a–b) (0.3 m·s^–1) and in (c–d) (0.5 m·s^–1).

Fig.7 (a) Best track and forecast track of CONV, MWTS1, MWTS2 experiments; (b) Forecast track error of CONV, MWTS1, and MWTS2 experiments; (c) Same as (b) but for sea level pressure.

Tab.3 Experiment design for the four cycle experiments

Fig.8 Daily variations of MWTS data counts assimilated in CONV1, CONV2, SAT1, and SAT2 from 12 UTC, 7 July to 12UTC, 31 July 2011. (a) Channel 2; (b) Channel 3; (c) Channel 4

Fig.9 Daily variation of the bias (a) and STD (b) of O–B (solid line) and O–A (dashed line) for channel 2 in CONV1 (red) and CONV2 (blue).

Fig.10 Daily variation of the bias (a) and STD (b) of O–B (solid line) and O–A (dashed line) for channel 3 in CONV1 (red) and CONV2 (blue).

Fig.11 Daily variation of the bias (a) and STD (b) of O–B (solid line) and O–A (dashed line) for channel 4 in CONV1 (red) and CONV2 (blue).

Fig.12 Daily variation of the bias (a) and STD (b) of O–B (solid line) and O–A (dashed line) for channel 2 in SAT1 (red) and SAT2 (blue).

Fig.13 Daily variation of the bias (a) and STD (b) of O–B (solid line) and O–A (dashed line) for channel 3 in SAT1 (red) and SAT2 (blue).

Fig.14 Daily variation of the bias (a) and STD (b) of O–B (solid line) and O–A (dashed line) for channel 4 in SAT1 (red) and SAT2 (blue).

Fig.15 Mean ACC of 500 hPa geopotential height in Northern (a) and Southern (c) Hemispheres from 12 UTC, 7 July to 12 UTC, 31 July 2011. (b) and (d) are similar to (a) and (c) but for RMS.

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