Sorption of phenanthrene to biochar modified by base

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0978-7

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (2) : 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-0978-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sorption of phenanthrene to biochar modified by base

Zhengjun Feng^1,², Lizhong Zhu^1,²(

)

¹. Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
². Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China

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Abstract

Base was applied to modify biochars from different feedstocks and temperatures.

Content of base soluble carbon followed the trend of rice straw>wood>bamboo.

Base soluble carbon can be extracted from biochar pyrolyzed below 500 °C.

Base modification increased the sorption ability of biochar pyrolyzed below 500 °C.

Removal of base soluble carbon increased biochar’s surface area and hydrophobicity.

Biochar (BC) is a potential material for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil and water, and base modification is a promising method for improving its sorption ability. In this study, we synthesized a series of base-modified biochars, and evaluated their sorption of phenanthrene. Original biochars were produced by pyrolysis of three feedstocks (rice straw, wood and bamboo) at five temperatures (300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 500°C and 700°C). Base-modified biochars were further obtained by washing of biochars with base solution. The base soluble carbon (SC) was extracted from the supernatant, which were only obtained from biochars pyrolyzed at low temperatures (<500°C) and the content was decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. The SC content between different feedstocks followed the trend of rice straw>wood>bamboo when same pyrolysis conditions were applied. It was found that base modification improved the sorption of phenanthrene on biochars that SC could be extracted from (extractable-BCs). However, base treatment but had limited effects for biochars that no SC could be extracted from. It suggested that base modification improved the sorption of phenanthrene to extractable-BCs by removing the SC and thus increasing the surface area and hydrophobicity. Therefore, base modification was suggested to be used in modifying extractable-BCs.

Keywords Biochar Base modification Phenanthrene

Corresponding Author(s): Lizhong Zhu

Issue Date: 25 July 2017

Cite this article:

Zhengjun Feng,Lizhong Zhu. Sorption of phenanthrene to biochar modified by base[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(2): 1.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-0978-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2018/V12/I2/1

Tab.1 Proportion of the SCs in Biochars

Tab.2 Elemental composition, atomic ratio, ash content and surface area of all samples

Fig.1 FT-IR spectra of selected samples ((a) for Rice-300/Rice-300-M/ Rice-300-SC, (b) for Rice-500/Rice-500-M, (c) for Wood-300-SC/Wood-350-SC/ Wood-400-SC/Humic Acid). Rice-300/500 represent biochars made from rice straw pyrolyzed at 300°C and 500°C, respectively. Rice-300-SC represents base soluble carbon extracted from Rice-300. Rice-300/500-M represent base modified biochars from Rice-300/500, respectively. Wood-300/350/400-SC represent base soluble carbon extracted from wood biochars pyrolyzed at 300°C, 350°C and 400°C, respectively

Fig.2 SEM micrographs of selected samples. Wood-400 represents biochar made from wood pyrolyzed at 400°C. Wood-400-M represents base modified biochar from Wood-400. Wood-400-SC represents base soluble carbon extracted from Wood-400. Bam-400 represents biochar made from bamboo pyrolyzed at 400°C. Bam-400-M represents base modified biochar from Bam-400

Tab.3 Kinetic parameters for the Pseudo-second-order model

Tab.4 Freundlich isotherm parameters and the organic carbon normalized coefficients (K_oc) for all samples

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