Diverse bacterial populations of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in urban and suburb Shanghai, China

doi:10.1007/s11783-020-1329-7

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2021, Vol. 15

Issue (3) : 37 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1329-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Diverse bacterial populations of PM_2.5 in urban and suburb Shanghai, China

Caihong Xu¹, Jianmin Chen^1,^2,³(

), Zhikai Wang¹, Hui Chen^1,³, Hao Feng¹, Lujun Wang³, Yuning Xie³, Zhenzhen Wang¹, Xingnan Ye^1,³, Haidong Kan^1,⁴, Zhuohui Zhao^1,⁴, Abdelwahid Mellouki⁵

¹. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan Tyndall Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
². Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
³. Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Yangtze River Delta Estuary Wetland Station, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
⁴. School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
⁵. Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement, CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France

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Abstract

• Urban aerosols harbour diverse bacterial communities in Shanghai.

• The functional groups were associated with nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur cycling.

• Temperature, SO₂, and wind speed were key drivers for the bacterial community.

Airborne bacteria play key roles in terrestrial and marine ecosystems and human health, yet our understanding of bacterial communities and their response to the environmental variables lags significantly behind that of other components of PM_2.5. Here, atmospheric fine particles obtained from urban and suburb Shanghai were analyzed by using the qPCR and Illumina Miseq sequencing. The bacteria with an average concentration of 2.12 × 10³ cells/m³, were dominated by Sphingomonas, Curvibacter, Acinetobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Methylobacterium, Halomonas, Aliihoeflea, and Phyllobacterium, which were related to the nitrogen, carbon, sulfur cycling and human health risk. Our results provide a global survey of bacterial community across urban, suburb, and high-altitude sites. In Shanghai (China), urban PM_2.5 harbour more diverse and dynamic bacterial populations than that in the suburb. The structural equation model explained about 27%, 41%, and 20%–78% of the variance found in bacteria diversity, concentration, and discrepant genera among urban and suburb sites. This work furthered the knowledge of diverse bacteria in a coastal Megacity in the Yangtze river delta and emphasized the potential impact of environmental variables on bacterial community structure.

Keywords PM_2.5 Bacteria 16S rRNA SEM analysis Shanghai City

Corresponding Author(s): Jianmin Chen

Issue Date: 10 November 2020

Cite this article:

Caihong Xu,Jianmin Chen,Zhikai Wang, et al. Diverse bacterial populations of PM_2.5 in urban and suburb Shanghai, China[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(3): 37.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-020-1329-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2021/V15/I3/37

Fig.1 The global distribution of airborne bacterial community by high-throughput sequencing.

Fig.2 Overview of the cycling of airborne bacteria in the ecosystem and ecological functions recovered by the FAPROTAX.

Tab.1 The meteorological and environmental parameters of samples

Fig.3 Bacterial community distribution at the genus level across urban and suburb Shanghai (No. of OTUs lower than 20 were not shown). The concentric rings and column moving outward from the tree indicate the divergence (orange means different vastly between bacterial species in urban and suburb PM_2.5). The bar chart moving outward from the concentric rings indicate the logarithmic relative abundance of bacterial species in urban (purple bar chart) and suburb aerosols (green bar chart).

Fig.4 SEM fitted to characteristics of airborne bacteria. The red and blue arrows indicated the positive and negative effects, respectively. The width of arrows indicates the strength of the causal effect. The coefficients values adjacent to arrows were indicative of the relationship (P values). R² values represent the proportion of the variance explained for each variable

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