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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering

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ISSN 2095-2449(Online)

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Front. Struct. Civ. Eng.    2020, Vol. 14 Issue (1) : 229-240    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-019-0597-4
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of binary and ternary blended pervious concrete
Rekha SINGH1(), Sanjay GOEL2
1. Department of Civil Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar 144603, India
2. Department of Civil Engineering, DAV Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jalandhar 144008, India
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Abstract

The purpose of the investigation was to study the effect of binary and ternary blends of cement on the mechanical properties of pervious concrete (PC) specimen through destructive (DT) and non-destructive testing (NDT). Various combinations of fly ash (FA), limestone powder (LP), metakaolin (MK), and silica fume (SF) as mineral admixtures have been investigated to partially replace the cement up to 30% by weight in PC. Standard cube specimens of size 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm of binary and ternary blends of mineral admixture of pervious concrete were prepared to conduct standard compressive strength test and split tensile test at 7 and 28 days of curing. The ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test and Rebound Hammer test were used as a non-destructive testing tool to substantiate the robustness of PC and to determine the approximate mechanical properties where other destructive testing tools are not feasible in case of in-place pervious pavements. Overall the pervious concrete made with LP based ternary blends (PLM and PLS) were found to perform better than FA based ternary blends (PFM and PFS) and control mix (PC) in destructive and non-destructive testing.
Keywords mineral admixture      ternary      compressive strength      split tensile strength      pervious concrete      ultrasonic pulse velocity     
Corresponding Author(s): Rekha SINGH   
Just Accepted Date: 10 October 2019   Online First Date: 07 January 2020    Issue Date: 21 February 2020
 Cite this article:   
Rekha SINGH,Sanjay GOEL. Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of binary and ternary blended pervious concrete[J]. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2020, 14(1): 229-240.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/10.1007/s11709-019-0597-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/Y2020/V14/I1/229
Fig.1  Outline of research program.
Fig.2  Particle size distribution of all mineral admixtures used in the study.
property standard 4.75 mm 6.3 mm
unit weight IS:2386 1.521 1.632
water absorption IS:2386 1.59 1.56
specific gravity, OD IS:2386 2.639 2.633
specific gravity, SSD IS:2386 2.680 2.650
apparent specific gravity IS:2386 2.754 2.678
Tab.1  Properties of aggregates of pervious concrete
S no. mix combination cement (kg/m3) aggregate (kg/m3) water (kg/m3) sand c(m)/a w/cm mineral admixtures (kg/m3)
FA LP SF MK
PC1 100%PC 190 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 – – – –
PC2 70%PC+30%FA 133 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 57 – – –
PC3 70%PC+30%LP 133 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 – 57 – –
PC4 70%PC+20%FA+10%SF 133 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 38 – 19 –
PC5 70%PC+20%FA+10%MK 133 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 38 – – 19
PC6 70%PC+20%LP+10%SF 133 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 – 38 19 -
PC7 70%PC+20%LP+10%MK 133 1318 80.0 – 0.144 0.34 – 38 – 19
PC8 100%PC 380 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 – – – –
PC9 70%PC+30%FA 266 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 114 – – –
PC10 70%PC+30%LP 266 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 – 114 – –
PC11 70%PC+20%FA+10%SF 266 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 76 – 38 –
PC12 70%PC+20%FA+10%MK 266 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 76 – – 38
PC13 70%PC+20%LP+10%SF 266 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 – 76 38 –
PC14 70%PC+20%LP+10%MK 266 1541 129.2 5% 0.250 0.34 – 76 – 38
Tab.2  Summary of mix proportion of pervious concrete
composition limestone powder (LP) fly ash (FA) silica fume (SF) metakaolin (MK)
SiO2 <1% 56.5% 85%–97% 52.1%
Al2O3 <1% 17.7% – 41.0%
Fe2O3 <1% 11.0% – 4.32%
CaCO3 85%–97% – – –
CaO 48%–54% 3.2% <1 0.39%
MgO – 5.4% – –
loss of ignition 42.50% 1.2% 4% <1%
Tab.3  Chemical properties of mineral admixture LP, FA, SF, and MK
properties limestone powder (LP) fly ash (FA) silica fume (SF) metakaolin (MK)
specific gravity 2.18 2.38 2.2 2.60
specific surface (m2/kg) ? 4580 300–500 15000–30000 ?15000
particle shape flake like crystal
(long elliptical)		 mostly spherical spherical platey
mean size of particle (μm) 2–3 10-15 0.1-2 1–2
Tab.4  Physical properties of mineral admixture LP, FA, SF, and MK
Fig.3  Pictorial view of testing of specimen in (a) compressive strength test, (b) split tensile test, (c) failure surface, and (d) magnified image of failure surface.
Fig.4  Schematic layout of ultrasonic pulse velocity apparatus used in this study for non-destructive testing of pervious concrete samples.
Fig.5  Pictorial view of rebound hammer and description of instrument position while performing non-destructive testing on pervious concrete samples.
Fig.6  Results of compressive strength of all pervious concrete mix combinations for (a) low paste and (b) high paste at 7d and 28d of curing.
Fig.7  Relationship between compressive strength and porosity for low paste and high paste of all pervious concrete mixtures at 7d and 28d of curing.
Fig.8  Split tensile strength of all mix combinations for (a) low paste and (b) high paste at 28 days of curing.
Fig.9  Relationship between compressive strength and split tensile strength for low paste and high paste at 28 days of curing.
Fig.10  Dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ed) of all mix combinations for low paste blends of pervious concrete at 7 and 28 days of curing.
Fig.11  Dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ed) of all mix combinations for high paste blends of pervious concrete at 7 and 28 days of curing.
Fig.12  Relationship between compressive strength and UPV for low paste and high paste blends of pervious concrete at 7 and 28 days of curing.
Fig.13  Relationship between Ed and UPV for low paste and high paste blends of pervious concrete at 28 days of curing.
Fig.14  Relationship between compressive strength and unit weight for low paste and high paste blends of pervious concrete at 28 days of curing.
Fig.15  Relationship between compressive strength and rebound hammer for low paste and high paste blends of pervious concrete at 28 days of curing.
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