Polarization signature from the FengYun-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder

doi:10.1007/s11707-014-0479-y

Front. Earth Sci.

2014, Vol. 8

Issue (4) : 625-633 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-014-0479-y

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Polarization signature from the FengYun-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder

Xiaolei ZOU^1,^*(

),Xu CHEN^1,²,Fuzhong WENG³

1. Center of Data Assimilation for Research and Application, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
2. Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, FL 32306, USA
3. National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA

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Abstract

Microwave Humidity Sounders (MHS) onboard NOAA-15, -16, -17, -18, -19, and EUMETSAT MetOp-A/B satellites provide radiance measurements at a single polarization state at any of five observed frequencies. The Microwave Humidity Sounder (MWHS) onboard the FengYun-3 (FY-3) satellite has a unique instrument design that provides dual polarization measurements at 150 GHz. In this study, the MWHS polarization signal was investigated using observed and modeled data. It is shown that the quasi-polarization brightness temperatures at 150 GHz display a scan angle dependent bias. Under calm ocean conditions, the polarization difference at 150 GHz becomes non-negligible when the scan angle varies from 10° to 45° and reaches a maximum when the scan angle is about 30°. Also, the polarization state is sensitive to surface parameters such as surface wind speed. Under clear-sky conditions, the differences between horizontal and vertical polarization states at 150 GHz increase with decreasing surface wind speed. Therefore, the polarization signals from the cross-track scanning microwave measurements at window channels contain useful information about surface parameters. In addition, the availability of dual polarization measurements allows a one-to-one conversion from antenna brightness temperature to sensor brightness temperature if a cross-polarization spill-over exists.

Keywords Microwave Humidity Sounder (MWHS) polarization remote sensing surface properties

Corresponding Author(s): Xiaolei ZOU

Online First Date: 14 November 2014 Issue Date: 13 January 2015

Cite this article:

Xiaolei ZOU,Xu CHEN,Fuzhong WENG. Polarization signature from the FengYun-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2014, 8(4): 625-633.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-014-0479-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2014/V8/I4/625

Tab.1 Frequency and polarization differences between MWHS and MHS channels

Fig.1 Variations of sensor brightness temperatures of quasi-horizontal polarization ( T b Q h , dashed line) and quasi-vertical polarization ( T b Q v , solid line) channels at a frequency of 150.0 GHz (e) with scan angle using a middle latitude winter profile over ocean

Fig.2 Sensor brightness temperature difference between quasi-horizontal and vertical polarization channels ( Δ T b = T b Q h - T b Q v ) with frequency of 150 GHz at different scan angles shown in Fig. 1

Fig.3 Scatter plots of MWHS channels 1 and 2 sensor brightness temperatures at the 1st (a), 23rd (b), 49th (c), and 98th (d) FOVs, of which the scan angles are 53.35°, 29.15°, 0.55°, and 53.35°, respectively, during 0000 UTC March 1 to 1800 UTC April 14, 2011 only for data with surface wind speed less than 3 m?s^-1.

Fig.4 Sensor brightness temperature differences between MWHS channels 1 and 2 ( Δ T a = T a Q h - T a Q v , red circles), mean difference (blue curve), and data counts (gray bar) from (a) model simulations and (b) observations within 45N-50N with collocated surface wind speed less than 3 m?s^-1. All data from 0000 UTC March 1 to 1800 UTC April 14, 2011 are used.

Fig.5 Latitudinal dependence of (a)-(b) mean and (c)-(d) standard deviation of the sensor brightness temperature differences between MWHS channels 1 and 2 for MWHS observations (left panels) and simulated sensor brightness temperature difference (right panels) from 0000 UTC March 1 to 1800 UTC April 14, 2011

Fig.6 Scatter plots of brightness temperature differences between MWHS/FY-3B channels 1 and 2 at FOV 20 for observations on ascending orbits in March 2011 in clear-sky conditions within three arbitrarily chosen domains: (a) 30N–40N, 170W–130W, (b) 40S–30S, 140W–100W, and (c) 60S–50S, 180W–140W. The mean (thick solid) and standard deviation (vertical thin line) calculated at a wind speed interval of 3 m?s^-1 are also shown.

Fig.7 Variation of the (a) mean and (b) standard deviation of the sensor brightness temperature difference between horizontal and vertical polarization states at 150 GHz frequency with surface wind speed, using data within 30N–40N and 130W–170W under clear-sky conditions in March 2011. The first to tenth FOVs are indicated by filled circles in (a) and solid lines in (b) and FOVs 11–20 by open circles in (a) and dotted lines in (b).

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