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ISSN 1674-7992(Online)

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Front. Biol.    2015, Vol. 10 Issue (2) : 117-124    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11515-015-1356-0
REVIEW
Mitochondrial control of hematopoietic stem cell balance and hematopoiesis
Massimo Bonora1,2,Paolo Pinton1,Keisuke Ito2,*()
1. Department of Morphology, Surgery, Experimental Medicine University of Ferrara, Section of Pathology Oncology, Experimental Biology Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Ferrara, Italy
2. Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center and Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are stem cells from mesodermal derivation that reside in bone marrow and provide blood cells for the whole life of an adult individual, through a process called hematopoiesis. The long lasting support of HSCs for hematopoiesis is permitted by the fine regulation of quiescence and division output. Exit from the quiescent state is to produce a committed and/or stem daughter cells, in an event defined asymmetric or symmetric division. A deregulation in the proportion between asymmetric and symmetric divisions is critical in the appearance of hematological disorders ranging from bone marrow failure to hematological malignancies. Over the past years, several studies have indicated how the metabolism of HSCs is determinant in the regulation of HSC quiescence and commitment process. A metabolism shifted to the glycolytic pathway promotes HSCs quiescence and sustainment of hematopoiesis. Boosting mitochondrial respiration promotes the stem cell commitment followed by stem pool exhaustion, and minimal mitochondrial activity is required to maintain the HSCs quiescence. In the present review are discussed the most recent advances in comprehension of the roles of mitochondria in the hematopoiesis and in the division balance.
Keywords mitochondria      division balance      hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif-1α)      metabolism      hematopoiesis      hematopoietic stem cells     
Corresponding Author(s): Keisuke Ito   
Issue Date: 06 May 2015
 Cite this article:   
Massimo Bonora,Paolo Pinton,Keisuke Ito. Mitochondrial control of hematopoietic stem cell balance and hematopoiesis[J]. Front. Biol., 2015, 10(2): 117-124.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/10.1007/s11515-015-1356-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/Y2015/V10/I2/117
Fig.1  Simplified interpretation of hematopoiesis and metabolic features in HSC and differentiating cells. Mitochondria are displayed as intracellular brown objects. Levels of different metabolic parameters are displayed by colorized cartoons. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), based on reports about Rhodamine123 measurements.
Fig.2  Schematic representation of mitochondria activity and the consequent cellular respiration on cellular state of a long-term hematopoietic stem cell.
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