Self-assembled dandelion-like NiS nanowires on biomass-based carbon aerogels as electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors

doi:10.1007/s11706-023-0652-x

Front. Mater. Sci.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (3) : 230652 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-023-0652-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Self-assembled dandelion-like NiS nanowires on biomass-based carbon aerogels as electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors

Chunfei Lv, Ranran Guo, Xiaojun Ma(

), Yujuan Qiu

College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, China

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Abstract

Carbon aerogels derived from biomass have low specific capacity due to the underutilized structure, limiting their application in high-performance supercapacitors. In this work, the hierarchical nickel sulfide/carbon aerogels from liquefied wood (LWCA-NiS) were synthesized via a simple two-step hydrothermal method. Benefitting from the unique 3D coral-like network structure of LWCA, self-assembled NiS nanowires with the dandelion-like structure showed high specific surface (389.1 m²·g⁻¹) and hierarchical pore structure, which increased affluent exposure of numerous active sites and structural stability, causing superior energy storage performance. As expected, LWCA-NiS displayed high specific capacity (131.5 mAh·g⁻¹ at 1 A·g⁻¹), good rate performance, and highly reversible and excellent cycle stability (13.1% capacity fading after 5000 cycles) in the electrochemical test. Furthermore, a symmetrical supercapacitor using LWCA-NiS-10 as the electrode material delivered an energy density of 12.7 Wh·kg⁻¹ at 299.85 W·kg⁻¹. Therefore, the synthesized LWCA-NiS composite was an economical and sustainable candidate for the electrodes of high-performance supercapacitors.

Keywords carbon aerogel liquefied wood NiS self-assembly electrochemistry

Corresponding Author(s): Xiaojun Ma

Issue Date: 14 July 2023

Cite this article:

Chunfei Lv,Ranran Guo,Xiaojun Ma, et al. Self-assembled dandelion-like NiS nanowires on biomass-based carbon aerogels as electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2023, 17(3): 230652.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-023-0652-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2023/V17/I3/230652

Scheme1 Schematic illustration of the preparation of LWCA-NiS.

Fig.1 SEM images of (a) LWCA, (b) LWCA-NiS-4, (c) LWCA-NiS-7, (d) LWCA-NiS-10, and (e) LWCA-NiS-13. (f)(g)(h)(i) Elemental mappings of C, S, and Ni of LWCA-NiS-10.

Fig.2 (a) FTIR spectra, (b) XRD patterns, (c) Raman spectra, (d) Nitrogen adsorption?desorption isotherms, and (e) pore size distributions of LWCA and LWCA-NiS-10. (f) Element distribution diagrammatic sketch. (g) C 1s, (h) Ni 2p, and (i) S 2p spectra of LWCA-NiS-x.

Fig.3 (a) CV curves of different samples. (b) Discharge time curves at the current density of 1 A·g^?1. (c) Specific capacities of different samples. (d) CV curves of different scanning rates. (e) The logarithm plot of the peak current as a function of the scanning rate. (f) Percentage capacitive contributions obtained at different scanning rates of 5, 10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 mV·s^?1. (g) GCD curves at different current densities. (h) Nyquist plots of all samples. (i) Cycle stability at the current density of 1 A·g^?1.

Tab.1 Comparison of electrochemical performance of NiS-based electrodes with different morphologies in anterior reports under the three-electrode system

Fig.4 (a) CV curves of the LWCA-NiS-10 symmetrical supercapacitor device at different potential windows at 100 mV·s^?1. (b) CV curves at different scanning rates. (c) GCD curves at different current densities. (d) Nyquist plot of the symmetrical supercapacitor. (e) Ragone plot. (f) Cycle stability at 5 A·g^?1.

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