WATER POLLUTION AND AGRICULTURE: MULTI-POLLUTANT PERSPECTIVES

doi:10.15302/J-FASE-2023527

LETTER

Mengru WANG¹(

), Qi ZHANG^2,³, Yanan LI^2,³, Mirjam P. BAK², Sijie FENG^2,³, Carolien KROEZE¹, Fanlei MENG^2,³, Ilaria MICELLA², Vita STROKAL⁴, Aslıhan URAL-JANSSEN², Maryna STROKAL²

¹. Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
². Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
³. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions (Ministry of Education), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
⁴. The National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03041, Ukraine

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Abstract

● Four highlights are identified for agriculture and water from the multi-pollutant perspective.

● Large variations in time and space for multiple pollutants in waters and their sources.

● Scientific agenda should account for multiple pollutants in agricultural strategies.

Agriculture is an important cause of multiple pollutants in water. With population growth and increasing food demand, more nutrients, plastics, pesticides, pathogens and antibiotics are expected to enter water systems in the 21st century. As a result, water science has been shifting from single-pollutant to multi-pollutant perspectives for large-scale water quality assessments. This perspective paper summarizes and discusses four main highlights related to water pollution and agriculture from the multi-pollutant perspective. These highlights reveal the spatial and temporal distribution and main sources of multiple pollutants in waters. Based on the highlights, a scientific agenda is proposed to prioritize solutions for sustainable agriculture (UN Sustainable Development Goal 2) and clean water (UN Sustainable Development Goals 6 and 14). This agenda points out that when formulating solutions for water pollution, it is essential to take into account multiple pollutants and their interactions beyond biogeochemistry.

Keywords water quality agriculture multi-pollutant assessment hotspots interactions

Corresponding Author(s): Mengru WANG

Online First Date: 01 December 2023

Cite this article:

Mengru WANG,Qi ZHANG,Yanan LI, et al. WATER POLLUTION AND AGRICULTURE: MULTI-POLLUTANT PERSPECTIVES[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 01 December 2023. [Epub ahead of print] doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023527.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2023527
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y/V/I/0

Fig.1 Concept model of multiple pollutant inputs to rivers from agricultural sources and non-agricultural areas. This concept model includes pollutants for which global or regional modeling approaches exist. Tab.1 summarizes the information from conceptual modeling approaches. Agricultural sources include pollutants from crop production and livestock production (yellow box). Pollution sources from non-agricultural areas include pollutants from mismanaged plastic waste and sewage systems (gray box). The blue box indicates all pollutants from agriculture sources and non-agricultural areas enter rivers. Sources: MARINA models (Model to Assess River Inputs of pollutaNts to seAs)^[²,¹³–¹⁵^].

Fig.2 Multi-pollutant problems in river sub-basins associated with annual inputs of more than one pollutant to rivers from agricultural sources and non-agricultural areas in China in the 2010s. This figure shows the percentages of multiple pollutants to Chinese rivers from agricultural sources and non-agricultural areas, The data presented covers results from the MARINA models for 2013 and 2015. The annual inputs of pollutants to rivers are derived from the MARINA-Multi, MARINA-Nutrients, MARINA-Antibiotics and MARINA-Plastics^[²,¹³–¹⁵^]. Six pollutants are considered: antibiotics, Cryptosporidium, diclofenac, triclosan, microplastics, macroplastics, total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN).

Tab.1 Examples summarize the importance of agricultural activities in water pollution control, focusing on multi-pollutant perspectives

Tab.2 Characteristics of sub-basins that receive inputs of more than four pollutants to rivers globally

Tab.3 Characteristics of sub-basins that receive inputs of more than four pollutants to rivers in China

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