Enhanced 4-chlorophenol biodegradation by integrating Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles into an anaerobic reactor: Long-term performance and underlying mechanism

doi:10.1007/s11783-022-1519-6

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (8) : 98 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-022-1519-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Enhanced 4-chlorophenol biodegradation by integrating Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles into an anaerobic reactor: Long-term performance and underlying mechanism

Cheng Hou¹, Xinbai Jiang¹, Na Li¹(

), Zhenhua Zhang², Qian Zhang³, Jinyou Shen¹, Xiaodong Liu¹(

)

¹. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
². Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
³. School of Life and Environmental Science, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China

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Abstract

• 4-chlorophenol biodegradation could be enhanced in Fe₂O₃ coupled anaerobic system.

• Metabolic activity and electron transport could be improved by Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles.

• Functional microbial communities could be enriched in coupled anaerobic system.

• Possible synergistic mechanism involved in enhanced dechlorination was proposed.

Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles have been reported to enhance the dechlorination performance of anaerobic systems, but the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. This study evaluated the technical feasibility, system stability, microbial biodiversity and the underlying mechanism involved in a Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle-coupled anaerobic system treating 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) wastewater. The results demonstrated that the 4-CP and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiencies in the Fe₂O₃-coupled up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) were always higher than 97% and 90% during long-term operation, verifying the long-term stability of the Fe₂O₃-coupled UASB. The 4-CP and TOC removal efficiencies in the coupled UASB increased by 42.9±0.4% and 27.5±0.7% compared to the control UASB system. Adding Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles promoted the enrichment of species involved in dechlorination, fermentation, electron transfer and acetoclastic methanogenesis, and significantly enhanced the extracellular electron transfer ability, electron transport activity and conductivity of anaerobic sludge, leading to enhanced 4-CP biodegradation performance. A possible synergistic mechanism involved in enhanced anaerobic 4-CP biodegradation by Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles was proposed.

Keywords Dechlorination Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles Electron transfer Microbial community

Corresponding Author(s): Na Li,Xiaodong Liu

About author:

Tongcan Cui and Yizhe Hou contributed equally to this work.

Issue Date: 09 December 2021

Cite this article:

Cheng Hou,Xinbai Jiang,Na Li, et al. Enhanced 4-chlorophenol biodegradation by integrating Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles into an anaerobic reactor: Long-term performance and underlying mechanism[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2022, 16(8): 98.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-022-1519-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2022/V16/I8/98

Tab.1 Summary of operational condition at different phases

Fig.1 Effect of 4-CP concentration (a), HRT (b) and glucose dosage (c) on 4-CP biodegradation, TOC removal and Cl^– formation, and long-term performance (d) of the coupled UASB. RE_4-CP, RE_toc and FE_Cl- refer to 4-CP removal efficiency, TOC removal efficiency and Cl^– formation efficiency, respectively.

Fig.2 Profiles of CH₄ (a), VFAs (b), composition and content of EPS (c) in the control UASB and coupled UASB during long-term operation (R1: control UASB, R2: coupled UASB).

Fig.3 ETS activity (a), sludge conductivity (b), cytochrome c concentration (c), and the content of F420 and FDX (d) in the control UASB and the coupled UASB.

Fig.4 SEM image and EDS mapping of the sludge surface from the coupled UASB.

Tab.2 Biodiversity estimation of 16S rRNA gene libraries

Fig.5 Microbial community structure in the seed sludge, control UASB and coupled UASB: bacterial community at phyla level (a), bacterial community at genera level (b), archaea community at phyla level (c) and archaea community at genera level (d).

Fig.6 Synergistic mechanism for enhanced 4-CP biodegradation in Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles coupled UASB.

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