Overlooked risk of microplastics from municipal solid waste–storage site

doi:10.1007/s11783-024-1885-3

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2024, Vol. 18

Issue (10) : 125 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-024-1885-3

Overlooked risk of microplastics from municipal solid waste–storage site

Ying Hu, Shuli Guo, Dongsheng Shen, Jiali Shentu, Li Lu, Shengqi Qi, Min Zhu, Yuyang Long(

)

Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China

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Abstract

● Municipal solid waste storage sites show high microplastic adsorption

● Ventilation promotes the secondary release of microplastics

● Flushing reduces microplastic accumulation by 76.4% in walls

● Microplastic sizes predominantly between 1 and 50 µm

● Seasonal extremum in microplastics dispersion identified in summer and winter

Municipal solid waste (MSW) storage sites are potential and overlooked contributors to microplastic (MP) pollution. Herein, the distribution and dispersion characteristics of MPs at MSW storage sites were investigated through modeling, sampling analysis, and prediction methodologies. The results indicated a notable adsorption phenomenon of MPs on smooth surfaces within such sites, achieving high saturation levels and making MPs prone to re-release by airflow disturbance. Quantitative analysis revealed that the MP concentrations on these surfaces varied from 4.48 × 10⁵ to 1.90 × 10⁶ n/m² and that MPs predominantly accumulated in the corner areas. Notably, MP accumulation on wall surfaces can be reduced by 76.4% using washing procedures. The majority of MPs were under 50 μm in size and were primarily in fragment form. Operational activities such as ventilation and waste handling were identified to amplify the airborne spread of MPs. The atmospheric concentrations of MPs peaked seasonally, with concentrations of 28.25 n/m³ in summer and 3.90 n/m³ in winter, and the spatial dispersion ranged from 14.98 to 124.08 km² per station. This study highlights that MSW storage sites are substantial yet overlooked sources of MP pollution, where wall surfaces play a critical role in MP adsorption and dispersal. The implementation of robust management and cleaning protocols is essential to mitigate the environmental footprint of MPs emanating from these locations. This study also provides a typical case for the precise prevention and control of MPs in the environment.

Keywords Municipal solid waste storage sites Microplastic Adsorption Dispersion Emerging pollution

Corresponding Author(s): Yuyang Long

Issue Date: 24 July 2024

Cite this article:

Ying Hu,Shuli Guo,Dongsheng Shen, et al. Overlooked risk of microplastics from municipal solid waste–storage site[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2024, 18(10): 125.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-024-1885-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2024/V18/I10/125

Fig.1 Simulated adsorption model (A) and internal zoning of MSW storage sites (B).

Fig.2 Adsorption curves of MPs on the WSM storage site’s internal walls (A) and the modeled wind field sections: transverse (B) and longitudinal (C) (In Fig. 2A, Wall1 and Wall4 are adjacent to the air intake, while Wall2 is near the exhaust outlet and Wall3 is the furthest. The legend in C indicates wind speed, with red for higher and blue for lower speeds).

Fig.3 Distribution of number, particle size, roundness, and shape for MPs under different treatments at MSW storage sites. (A, E, and I for quantity distributions of MPs after washing treatment (w), combined washing and ventilation treatment (w and v), and ventilation treatment (v) respectively; B, F, and J for particle size distributions; C, G, and K for roundness distributions; and D, H, and L for shape distributions corresponding to each treatment).

Fig.4 Concentration distribution of MPs in the strongly disturbed phase at WSM storage sites. (A for washing treatment, B for washing combined with ventilation, C for ventilation treatment). The legend represents microplastic abundance, with darker red colors increasing abundance in n/m³.

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