Discovery and repurposing of artemisinin

doi:10.1007/s11684-021-0898-6

Front. Med.

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (1) : 1-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-021-0898-6

REVIEW

Discovery and repurposing of artemisinin

Qiaoli Shi¹, Fei Xia¹, Qixin Wang¹, Fulong Liao¹, Qiuyan Guo¹(

), Chengchao Xu^1,⁴(

), Jigang Wang^1,^2,^3,⁴(

)

¹. Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
². Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524045, China
³. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
⁴. Department of Geriatrics, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China

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Abstract

Malaria is an ancient infectious disease that threatens millions of lives globally even today. The discovery of artemisinin, inspired by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has brought in a paradigm shift and been recognized as the “best hope for the treatment of malaria” by World Health Organization. With its high potency and low toxicity, the wide use of artemisinin effectively treats the otherwise drug-resistant parasites and helps many countries, including China, to eventually eradicate malaria. Here, we will first review the initial discovery of artemisinin, an extraordinary journey that was in stark contrast with many drugs in western medicine. We will then discuss how artemisinin and its derivatives could be repurposed to treat cancer, inflammation, immunoregulation-related diseases, and COVID-19. Finally, we will discuss the implications of the “artemisinin story” and how that can better guide the development of TCM today. We believe that artemisinin is just a starting point and TCM will play an even bigger role in healthcare in the 21st century.

Keywords artemisinin drug repurposing cancer inflammation COVID-19 traditional Chinese medicine

Corresponding Author(s): Qiuyan Guo,Chengchao Xu,Jigang Wang

Just Accepted Date: 28 January 2022 Online First Date: 11 March 2022 Issue Date: 28 March 2022

Cite this article:

Qiaoli Shi,Fei Xia,Qixin Wang, et al. Discovery and repurposing of artemisinin[J]. Front. Med., 2022, 16(1): 1-9.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-021-0898-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2022/V16/I1/1

Fig.1 Artemisia annua L. in the field.

Fig.2 Repurpose of artemisinin and its derivatives.

Fig.3 Structures and anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties of artemisinin and its derivatives.

Fig.4 Artemisinin and its derivatives-based combination therapies against COVID-19.

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