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Frontiers of Materials Science

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Front. Mater. Sci.    2020, Vol. 14 Issue (4) : 426-441    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-020-0522-8
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Biocorrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg--Al layered double hydroxide/poly(L-lactic acid) hybrid coating on magnesium alloy AZ31
Xiang SUN1, Qing-Song YAO1, Yu-Chao LI2, Fen ZHANG1(), Rong-Chang ZENG1,3(), Yu-Hong ZOU4, Shuo-Qi LI1
1. Corrosion Laboratory for Light Metals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
4. College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
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Abstract

A Mg–Al layered double hydroxide (Mg–Al-LDH) coating was firstly synthesized via an in-situ steam coating growth method on the AZ31 Mg alloy, and then was modified with poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) via dipping and vacuum freeze-drying. The microstructure and composition of LDH/PLLA hybrid coating were analyzed by XRD, SEM, EDS and FT-IR. The biocorrosion behavior of hybrid coating was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and hydrogen evolution test in the Hank’s solution. The results showed that LDH/PLLA coatings exhibited a much dense layer compared to the unmodified Mg–Al-LDH coating with unobvious boundary between PLLA and LDH coatings. The corrosion current density of the LDH/PLLA-10 hybrid coating decreased three orders of magnitude in comparison to its substrate. It was proven that the existence of the PLLA coating further prolonged the service life of the Mg–Al-LDH coating. What’s more, the MTT assay and live/dead staining showed that the LDH/PLLA-10 coating had good biocompatibility for Mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts. The formation mechanism and the anti-corrosion mechanism of hybrid coatings were proposed.
Keywords magnesium alloy      layered double hydroxide      poly(L-lactic acid)      corrosion resistance      biocompatibility     
Corresponding Author(s): Fen ZHANG,Rong-Chang ZENG   
Online First Date: 25 September 2020    Issue Date: 09 December 2020
 Cite this article:   
Xiang SUN,Qing-Song YAO,Yu-Chao LI, et al. Biocorrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg--Al layered double hydroxide/poly(L-lactic acid) hybrid coating on magnesium alloy AZ31[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2020, 14(4): 426-441.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-020-0522-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2020/V14/I4/426
Fig.1  Schematic diagram of the preparation process of LDH/PLLA hybrid coatings.
Fig.2  FE-SEM images and corresponding elemental mapping images of (a) LDH coating, (b) LDH/PLLA-1 coating, (c) LDH/PLLA-5 coating and (d) LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Fig.3  Cross-sectional microstructures and corresponding elemental mapping images of (a) LDH/PLLA-1 coating, (b) LDH/PLLA-5 coating and (c) LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Fig.4  XRD patterns of substrate (a), LDH coating (b), LDH/PLLA-1 coating (c), LDH/PLLA-5 coating (d) and LDH/PLLA-10 coating (e).
Fig.5  FT-IR spectra of the LDH coating, LDH/PLLA-1 coating, LDH/PLLA-5 coating and LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Fig.6  Polarization curves of LDH/PLLA-1 coating, LDH/PLLA-5 coating and LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Sample icorr/(A·cm−2) Ecorr/V vs.SCE
Substrate 1.18×10−5 −1.46
LDH coating 2.02×10−7 −1.36
LDH/PLLA-1 coating 1.67×10−7 −1.39
LDH/PLLA-5 coating 8.34×10−8 −1.38
LDH/PLLA-10 coating 3.69×10−8 −1.29
Tab.1  Electrochemical parameters of polarization curves of the samples
Fig.7  EIS of AZ31 Mg alloy (I), LDH coating (II), LDH/PLLA-1 coating (III), LDH/PLLA-5 coating (IV), and LDH/PLLA-10 coating (V): (a) Bode plots of |Z| vs. frequency; (b) Bode plots of phase angle vs. frequency; (c) Nyquist plots and (d)(e) enlarged Nyquist plots; Equivalent circuits of (f) AZ31 substrate, (g) LDH coating and LDH/PLLA-1 coating, and (h) LDH/PLLA-5 coating and LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Sample Rs
/(Ω·cm2)		 Rf
/(Ω·cm2)		 R1
/(Ω·cm2)		 R2
/(Ω·cm2)		 Rct
/(Ω·cm2)		 RL
/(Ω·cm2)		 L
/(H·cm−2)		 C
/(F·cm−2)		 CPEi/(Ω−1·sn·cm−2) n1 n2 n3
i= 1 i = 2 i = 3
Substrate 80.15 57.12 3.0×103 2.66×104 3.29×105 1.27×10−5 3.4×10−6 0.82 0.96
LDH coating 148 358.9 9.86×103 7.55×104 1.14×10−8 5.75×10−6 4.65×10−6 0.56 0.91
LDH/PLLA-1 125.3 479.2 1.62×104 1.67×105 5.35×10−10 3.41×10−6 1.08×10−5 0.44 0.81
LDH/PLLA-5 990 2370 3.92×104 6.15×105 2.37×10−8 3.19×10−7 1.09×10−5 0.77 0.54 0.76
LDH/PLLA-10 610 5289 3.01×104 2.10×106 9.57×10−8 1.81×10−6 8.67×10−6 0.68 0.52 0.77
Tab.2  EIS data recorded in Fig. 7
Fig.8  (a) pH value vs. immersion time curves and (b) HER vs. immersion time curves for AZ31 Mg alloy (I), LDH coating (II), LDH/PLLA-1 coating (III), LDH/PLLA-5 coating (IV) and LDH/PLLA-10 coating (V) in Hank’s solution for 168 h.
Fig.9  FE-SEM images of (a) AZ31 Mg alloy, (b) LDH coating, (c) LDH/PLLA-1 coating, (d) LDH/PLLA-5 coating and (e) LDH/PLLA-10 coating after immersion in the Hank’s solution for 168 h.
Fig.10  Elemental composition bar images of AZ31 substrate, LDH coating and LDH/PLLA hybrid coatings.
Fig.11  XRD patterns of substrate, LDH coating, LDH/PLLA-1 coating, LDH/PLLA-5 coating and LDH/PLLA-10 coating after immersion in the Hank’s solution for 168 h.
Fig.12  (a) OD values and (b) cell viability of Mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts cultured in different extracts prepared with negative control, AZ31 substrate, LDH coating, and LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Fig.13  Fluorescent images of Mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts by laser confocal microscope after culturing for 24 h (upper panels) and 72 h (lower panels) in extracts of (a)(e) negative control, (b)(f) AZ31 substrate, (c)(g) LDH coating and (d)(h) LDH/PLLA-10 coating.
Coating Substrate Thickness/μm Electrolyte icorr/(A·cm−2) Ecorr/V vs.SCE Refs.
Substrate Coating Substrate Coating
LDH/PDA AZ31 – PBS 2.74×10−5 6.74×10−6 −1.60 −1.38 [53]
Mg/PLA AZ91D – SBF 7.93×10−5 4.86×10−9 −1.50 −1.58 [54]
ZnO/PLA AZ31 17.1 SBF 3.42×10−6 4.60×10−7 −1.53 −1.40 [55]
MAO/PLLA Mg–1Li–1Ca 13.0 Hank’s solution 2.48×10−5 2.96×10−7 −1.66 −1.46 [38]
FHA/PLA AZ31 1.60 SBF 7.96×10−4 9.91×10−6 −1.51 −1.33 [56]
LDH/PLLA AZ31 25.3 Hank’s solution 1.18×10−5 3.69×10−8 −1.46 −1.29 this work
Tab.3  Corrosion resistance of polymer coatings on Mg alloys in simulated body fluid [38,53–56]
Fig.14  The corrosion protection mechanism model of LDH/PLLA hybrid coating.
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