Preparation of a wearable K-PAN@CuS composite fabric with excellent photothermal/electrothermal properties

doi:10.1007/s11706-023-0670-8

Front. Mater. Sci.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (4) : 230670 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-023-0670-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Preparation of a wearable K-PAN@CuS composite fabric with excellent photothermal/electrothermal properties

Jintao Zhang¹, Qi Zhang², Wei Pan^3,¹(

), Yu Qi¹, Yajie Qin¹, Zebo Wang⁴, Jiarui Zhao³

¹. International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
². Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, China
³. School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 451191, China
⁴. College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 451191, China

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Abstract

Electrospun nanofibers with highly efficient photothermal/electrothermal performance are extremely popular because of their great potential in wearable heaters. However, the lack of necessary wearable properties such as high mechanical strength and quick response of electrospun micro/nanofibers seriously affects their practical application. In this work, a technical route combining electrospinning and surface modification technology is proposed. The 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine-polyacrylonitrile@copper sulfide (K-PAN@CuS) composite fabric was achieved by modifying the original electrospinning PAN fiber and subsequently loading CuS nanoparticles. The results show that the break strength of the K-PAN@CuS fabric was increased by 10 times compared to that of the original PAN@CuS fabric. Furthermore, the saturated temperature of the K-PAN@CuS fabric heater could reach 116 °C within 15 s at a relatively low voltage of 3 V and 120.3 °C within 10 s under an infrared therapy lamp (100 W). In addition, due to its excellent conductivity, such a unique structural design enables the fiber to be closely attached to the human skin and helps to monitor human movements. This K-PAN@CuS fabric shows great potential in wearable heaters, hyperthermia, all-weather thermal management, and in vitro physical therapy.

Keywords electrospinning strain sensor electrothermal/photothermal conversion CuS wearable fabric

Corresponding Author(s): Wei Pan

Issue Date: 07 December 2023

Cite this article:

Jintao Zhang,Qi Zhang,Wei Pan, et al. Preparation of a wearable K-PAN@CuS composite fabric with excellent photothermal/electrothermal properties[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2023, 17(4): 230670.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-023-0670-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2023/V17/I4/230670

Fig.1 Schematic demonstration for the preparation of the K-PAN@CuS fabric.

Fig.2 Schematic illustration of the CuS deposition on the PAN fabric.

Fig.3 (a) FTIR spectra of original PAN, K-PAN, and K-PAN@CuS. (b) XRD patterns of original PAN, K-PAN, and K-PAN@CuS.

Fig.4 SEM images of (a) original PAN fabric, (b) K-PAN fabric, and (c) K-PAN@CuS fabric. (d)(e) Elemental mapping images of S and Cu and (f) EDS analysis result of the K-PAN@CuS fabric.

Fig.5 (a) Stress–strain curves of untreated and treated PAN fiber with different concentrations of KH-550. (b) Stress–strain curves of untreated and treated PAN@CuS fiber with different concentrations of KH-550. (c) Stress–strain curves of PAN, PAN@CuS and K-PAN@CuS. (d) Photograph of 0.103 g K-PAN@CuS-100 nanofiber membrane withstanding a weight of 100 g.

Fig.6 (a) Experimental measurement of the conductivity for K-PAN@CuS fabrics with different concentrations of KH-550 (inset is an LED bulb lit up using the K-PAN@CuS-100 conductive wire). (b) Transient temperature evolution of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric at various voltages. (c) Instantaneous temperature evolution process of the PAN@CuS-100 fabric at various voltages. (d) U–I and (e) T–U² curves of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric.

Fig.7 (a) Electrothermal cycling stability of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric at an applied voltage of 3 V. (b) Electrical heating stability during the 1st, 5th, 10th, and 15th cycles at 3 V. (c) Long-term heating test result for the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric at 3 V and corresponding IR images.

Fig.8 (a) A digital photo and IR camera images of the as-prepared K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric under different bending modes. (b) Electrothermal wearable performance of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric under 2 V.

Fig.9 Detection of various human motions using the wearable K-PAN@CuS-100 strain sensors with resulting photographs and corresponding signal variations from wearable sensors to reveal (a) normal breath, (b) deep breath, (c) swallow, (d) finger bending at 30°, (e) wrist bending, and (f) elbow bending.

Fig.10 (a) Schematic of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric photothermally tested by IR therapy lamp. (b) Temperature–time curves of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric at different distances from the light source. (c) IR images of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric at different distances from the light source. (d) Wearable applications of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric (6 cm × 6 cm) at the distance of 80 cm from the light source. (e) Cyclic stability and (f) temperature stability of the K-PAN@CuS-100 fabric under the light for a relatively long duration.

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