Hybrid surface plasmon modes in metal-clad Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> waveguide for compact integration

doi:10.1007/s12200-013-0340-z

Front Optoelec

2013, Vol. 6

Issue (3) : 261-269 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-013-0340-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Hybrid surface plasmon modes in metal-clad Si/SiO₂ waveguide for compact integration

Xiaoliu ZUO, Zhijun SUN(

)

Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China

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Abstract

This paper investigated characteristics of hybrid surface plasmon waveguiding modes in metal-clad Si/SiO₂ waveguide. Mode characteristics are shown to be highly dependent on structure dimensions and polarization states. By controlling the structure dimensions, a compromise between propagation loss and field confinement can be made for the waveguiding modes. Here, the waveguide had been particularly designed to have very low loss, in which power is mainly confined in the high-index Si-core region to propagate. This waveguide showed excellent bending, isolation and coupling properties that is suitable for high-density integrated photonic circuits.

Keywords waveguides surface plasmon (SP) photonic integrated circuits metal

Corresponding Author(s): SUN Zhijun,Email:sunzj@xmu.edu.cn

Issue Date: 05 September 2013

Cite this article:

Xiaoliu ZUO,Zhijun SUN. Hybrid surface plasmon modes in metal-clad Si/SiO₂ waveguide for compact integration[J]. Front Optoelec, 2013, 6(3): 261-269.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-013-0340-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2013/V6/I3/261

Fig.1 Schematic cross-section of metal-clad Si/SiO waveguide

Fig.2 Distributions of field components in transverse cross-sections for - (top) and -polarization (bottom) modes of a waveguide with dimensions = = 300 nm and = = 400 nm. Labels (, , ; , , ) in the images indicate the electric and magnetic field components projected in the directions of -, -, and -axis as defined in Fig. 1. As the modes are non-transverse electromagnetic (EM) modes, all six components of the fields are demonstrated

Fig.3 Dependences of real and imaginary parts of the mode index () of a waveguide ( = = 300 nm, = 400 nm, and = 600 nm) on its structure dimensions. The propagation lengths () at = 1550 nm are also indicated, corresponding to the imaginary part

Fig.4 (a, b) Transverse distributions of -field and power flow for -mode of waveguides ( = = 300 nm, = 600 nm) with very narrow or wide side oxide layers ( = 20 nm in (a), = 400 nm in (b)); (c, d) transverse distributions of -field and power flow for -mode of waveguides ( = = 300 nm, = 400 nm) with a very thin or thick top oxide layer ( = 20 nm in (c), = 400 nm in (d)). On right side of each color image is an - or -scan of the field or across the core center

Fig.5 (a) Schematic illustration of 90° circular-round waveguide bending; (b) dependence of bending loss on bend radius () for waveguides with and without metal Ag clad in - or -mode. Here = 300 nm, = = 400 nm, and = = 500 nm; (c) and (d) show longitudinal cross-sectional ( = 0.7 μm) view of the power flow for - and -mode waves propagating through a bend with = 0.6 μm. The small panels on the right side of (c) and (d) show transverse cross-section distributions of power flow || and (or ) field after propagating through the bend, at the positions indicated with dash-lines and

Fig.6 Schematic illustrations of waveguide structure for inter-waveguide isolation (a), directional coupling (b) and connection with its non-metal-clad Si/SiO waveguide (c); (d) dependence of coupling length on the interspacing between neighboring waveguide cores for directional coupling, calculated with FDTD and FEM methods. The waveguides have = 300 nm, = = 400 nm, and = = 500 nm; (e) field distributions of even (left column) and odd (right column) supermodes of coupled waveguides ( = 300 nm) fore corresponding - (upper row) and -modes (lower row) of individual ones

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